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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This hormone increases the amount of glucose in the blood when it is needed. Located in the liver
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glucagon
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this hormone suppress both glucagon and insulin when needed
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somatostatin
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What is responsible for secreting?
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beta cells of the pancreas
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What is the only cell that do not need insulin to allow glucose to enter?
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beta cells of the pancreas
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What are the steps involved in insulin secretion?
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1. glucose enter beta cells
2. ATP is produced phosphorylates (inhibits) potassium channels 3. leads to alteration of membrane potential 4. Calcium channels open 5. Insulin is secreted |
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What receptor is responsible for glucose uptake in beta cells?
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glut 2 transporter
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what receptor is responsible for glucose uptake in non-beta cells?
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glut 4 transporter
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Which are short acting insulin?
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regular
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which are rapid acting insulin?
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glutisine
lispro aspart |
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Which are intermediate acting insulin?
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NPH
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Which are long-acting insulin?
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detemir
glargine |
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What am I:
Because of fatty acid tail, can bind to albumin slowly released from albumin to maintain constant level of insulin |
detemir
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What am I:
soluble at pH 4 crystalizes at pH 7.4 When injected into blood, crystals (hexamer) slowly dissovles to maintain contant level of insulin |
glargine
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This type of diabetes is due to insulin resistance or diminished insulin secretion
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type 2 diabetes
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What drugs are sulfonylureas?
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glimeperide
glipizide glyburide glidazide |
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What drugs are meglitinides?
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repaglinide
nateglinide |
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What drugs are biguanides?
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metformin
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What drugs are thiazolidinediones?
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rosiglitazone
pioglitazone |
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What drugs are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
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acarbose
meglitol |
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What drugs are DPP-4 inhibitors?
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sitagliptin
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What am I:
binds to SUR1 to block potassium channel resulting in insulin release |
sulfonylurea
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What am I:
directly blocks potassium channel resulting in insulin release |
meglitinides
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What am I:
peroxisome proliferator receptor (PPAR) agonist decreases circulating free fatty acids increase expression of circulating adiponectin to increase insulin sensitivity |
thiazolidinediones
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What am I:
GLP-1 and G4P dimer increase insulin release and ecrease glucagon secretion this keeps GLP-1 and G4P bound and active |
DPP-4 inhibitor
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What am I:
competitive reversible inhibitors of pancreatic alpha amylase and membrane bound intestinal alpha-glucosidase hydrolase prevents/decrease enzymatic hydrolysis of starch/carbs in gut |
alpha glucosidase inhibitors
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