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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pituitary Hormones Cure vs Treatment
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Taking hormones with NOT cure, but alleviate the symptoms.
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Pituitary Hormones
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Avoid alcohol while taking any of the pituitary drugs
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Octreotide
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Used with caution in patients with diabetes (1 or 2) or chronic renal failure
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Somatropin
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Should increase growth in children
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Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levothyroid)
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Long half life able to give once a day
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Thyroid preparations theraputic effects
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May take up to 3-4 weeks to see the full therapeutic effects
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Thyroid preparations Adverse Effects
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Cardiac dysrhythmia is the most significant adverse effects, Recent MI is a contraindication
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Thyroid preparations Adverse Effects: What to do
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Call MD if palpitations and tachycardia
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Take thyroid med in AM to reduce
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insomnia if taken later in the day
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Thyroid Medication: Anticoagulants
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May enhance activity
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Thyroid Medication: Diabetics
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Diabetic pts may need increased dosages of hypoglycemic meds
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Thyroid Medication: digoxin
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Digoxin serum levels may by decreased
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Rapid Acting Insulin
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Onset 5-15 minutes
Patients must eat a meal within 15 minutes |
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When drawing up 2 types of insulin in one syringe
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always draw the regualr or rapid acting first- clear to cloudy
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Oral Antidiabetic drug: Precose
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Must be taken with the first bite of each main meal
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Metformin
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May also decrease intestinal aborptionof glucose and improve insulin receptor sensitivity-decreased insulin resistance
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Sulfonuylureas: Hypoglycemia
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Early signs and symptoms include confusion, irritability, tremor, and sweating, hematologic effects, nausea, epigastric fullness, heartburn.
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Hypoglycemia numbers
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below 50 mg/dL, Take oral glucose
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Fasting blood glucose levels (Normal)
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70-100 mg/dL, indicates a therapeutic response to antidiabetic drugs
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Oral antidiabetic drugs: Given
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usually before meals
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Hemoglobin A1C reflects
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the patient's adherence to the therapy regimen for several months previously. Evaluating how well the pt has been doing with diet and drug therapy
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Glucocorticoids indications
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for cerebral edema, COPD, Asthma, organ transplantation
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Glucocorticoids administation
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Rinse mouth with water after using inhaler. clean plastic weekly, con't to use the inhaler even if you are feeling better. Use a peak meter to measure your response to therapy
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Antiadrenals: Adverse effects
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hypokalemia
poor wound healing Weight gain-long term prednisone usage |
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Corticosteroids and NSAIDS
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Pts should not take with alcohol, asprin, or NSAIDS. increases the chance to develop gastric ulcers
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Androgens: Transdernal (testonsterone)
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applied to scrotal skin
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Androgens: Liver
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Peliosis of the liver- Formation of blood filled cavities and may be life threatening-anabolic steroids
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Androgens: Adverse Effects
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Fluid retention
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Androgens (Testosterone) and anticoagulant therapy
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When used with oral anticoagulants, can significantly increase or decrease anticoagulant activity.
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Androgens (Testosterone) and hypoglycemic drugs
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Can also enhance the hypoglycemic effects of oral hypoglycemic drugs
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Methyltestosterone
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Inoperable breast cancer
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Sildenafil (Viagra)
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In men with preexisting cardiovascular disease, especially those on nitrates, blood pressure will be lowered substantially
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Estrogens: Contrindications
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Active thromboembolic disorder or history
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Estrogens: Adverse effects
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Report weight gain of more than 5 pounds per week to MD (Water retention)
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Osteoporosis: Risk Factors
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White, Asian, desent, slender body build, early estrogen deficiency, smoking, Alcohol consuption, low-calcium diet, sedentary lifestyle, family history
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Fosamax
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Insturct pts to take medication upon rising in the am, with a full glass of water and 30 minutes before eating
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Drugs for Osteoporosis: ralloxifene (Evista)
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Increased risk of venous thromboembolism
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Drugs for Osteoporosis: ralloxifene (Evista): Nursing implications
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Instruct patients that the medication will need to be discontinued 72 hours before and druing any prolonged immobility (surgery or long trip)
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Fertility drugs: Adverse effects
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dizziness
restlessness anorexia |
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Tocolytics
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Generally used after the 20th week of gestation
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Antihistamines
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Have several properties
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Antihistamines: Effects
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Sedative- may cause patients to discontinue use
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Antihistamines: Other Effects
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limit use to 3-5 days. Frequent, long-term or excessive use of nasal decongestants may lead to rebound congestion
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Bronchodilators: Beta-Agonists
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Sympathomimetics- nervousness expected adverse effects
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Teach patients to take bronchodilators
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exactly as prescribed- Beta2 agonist used before corticosteroid to provide bronchodilation before administration of the anti inflammatory
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Inhaled Corticosteroids: Adverse Effects
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Dry Mouth
Oral fungal infections-candidiatiasis |
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Inhaled Corticosteroids: Nursing Implications
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Encourage use of a spacer device to ensure successful inhalations
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