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11 Cards in this Set
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Macrolides
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Erythromycin
Azithromycin Clindamycin alternatives to penicillins |
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Erythromycin
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Most active against G+ (listeria, Staph, Strep)
also: Mycoplasma pneumo, syphilis, Clamydia, DOC for Legionella pneumophila G- organisms are resistant |
SE: diarrhea hearing loss QT prolongation, torsades de pointes inhibits CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 (inc drug toxicities) |
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Clarithromycin
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penetrates lung tissue and Macrophages
Tx: MAC, CAP, H. pylori |
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Azithromycin
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dosed once daily and produces less GI intolerance
reaches higher intracellular concentrations has less of an effect on cytochrome P450 isoenzymes Tx: single dose for chlamydia and gonorrhea, pediatric otitis media and pharyngitis, MAC prophylaxis |
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Telithromycin
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SE:
CYP3A4 (drug rxns) serious hepatoxicity!!!!!!! |
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Clindamycin
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Tx: Osteomyelitis, aerobic G+ cocci, anaerobic G+/G- organisms
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SE: Pseudomembranous colitis |
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Clindamycin + pyrimethamine
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toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with AIDS
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streptogramins
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Dalfopristin and quinupristin
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Dalfopristin and quinupristin (Synercid)
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Tx: VRE bacteremia, MRSA
IV |
SE: inhibit cytochrome P450 3A4 |
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Linezolid
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mainly for Tx of aerobic, G+ organisms
Tx: VRE, MRSA, LRT infections, skin infections 100% bioavailable |
SE: reversible, non-selective MAOI (seratonin synd c SSRI's & TCA's) |
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Chloramphenicol
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Broad spec (G+ & G-), all anaerobes
oral or IV distributed to all tissues including eyes and CNS Liver Metabo Tx: typhoid, meningitis, eye infections, G- infections Increases effect of anticoagulants |
SE: Aplastic anemia, Grey baby synd |
