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MECHANISM
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Local anesthetics block voltage-dependent sodium channels and reduce the influx of sodium ions, thereby preventing depolarization of the membrane and blocking conduction of the action potential. Local anesthetics gain access to their receptors from the cytoplasm or the membrane
rapidly firing fibers are usually blocked before slowly firing fibers. High concentrations of extracellular K+ may enhance local anesthetic activity, whereas elevated extracellular Ca2+ may antagonize it. |
