Photo History (NMU) Flash Cards

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Title: Photo History (NMU)
Description: winter '08
Number of Cards: 181
Save Count: 2
Author: jhutchin7
Created: 2008-02-11
Tags: history photography
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    • Question
    • Answer
    • Side 3
    • What are the three types of photos?
    • Public, Cult of celebrity, Scientific
    • Brady got the gold medal at what exhibition?
    • Crystal Palace Exhibition
    • Describe the appearance of the calotype.
    • Lack of detail in shadow and light areas, better for landscape, is more painterly
    • Describe the appearance of the daguerreotype.
    • captured more minute details and was best used for portraits
    • What three things made the idea of celebrity come about?
    • Press, graphic evolution, photography
    • What type of photography used 4 lenses?
    • Carte-de-visite
    • What is cartomania?
    • When people collected carte-de-visties of famous and upper class people.
    • What was like a carte-de-visite, but larger?
    • Cabinet cards
    • Name a person that had carte-de-visites sold of them.
    • Sojourner Truth (there are others)
    • Who used the first artificial light to photograph?
    • Nadar; photographed the sewers of Paris
    • What was the name of the publication of 240 portraits and bio info to show off public figures?
    • Contemporary Gallery
    • What did people think about the small wars?
    • That they were inevitable
    • Who was the first war photographer?
    • Roger Fenton; used wet collodion plates; photographed Crimean War
    • Why were early war photographs staged?
    • Equipment was heavy to carry and long exposure times; ex Roger Fenton shot the aftermath of canons on the road
    • What was the first war to be seen by people in their living rooms?
    • Civil War, through cabinet cards, tintypes, stereo cards (3d), and weekly magazines (lithographs from photos)
    • The U.S. government only paid one person to photograph the Civil War. Who was he?
    • Andrew Russell
    • Who were the Bergstressor Brothers?
    • They set up a tent to photograph soldiers going off to the Civil War and photographed soldiers on the battlefield; very staged tintypes
    • Who took many of the photographs originally attributed to Brady?
    • Timothy O’Sullivan and Alexander Gardner
    • Were most of the Civil War photographs taken in the north or the south?
    • North
    • How fast did photos get to the public during the Civil War time?
    • 1 month; this was fast
    • Did Brady copyright his work?
    • yes
    • What was the most famous manipulated photo in war history?
    • The Home of the Rebel Sharpshooter by Gardner; the gun was his prop
    • Photographs were seen as proof that Southerner generals were intentionally killing Northern POWS at what camp and who was executed because of this "proof"?
    • Andersonville POW Camp; Wirz
    • Small wars were seen as dress rehearsals for what?
    • WWI
    • In 1871 what did Richard Leech Maddox discover?
    • Silver bromide could be suspended in gelatin; coated on a glass plate could be allowed to dry and be stored (unlike wet collodion)
    • In 1879, Kodak began mass producing what?
    • dry plates
    • In 1885 what did Kodak and Eastman mass produce?
    • coated roll film
    • A huge step-down in camera size occurred in 1898. What was this camera called?
    • Brownie Box Camera
    • What type of camera was the Leica?
    • 35mm rangefinder; great for the battlefield
    • Are there photos of Roosevelt's charge up San Juan Hill?
    • no
    • Who was James Jimmy Hare?
    • a famous war correspondent; went to small wars
    • How was censorship during WWI?
    • Strong censorship, not a lot of photos, wanted to keep support back home
    • The Spanish Civil war was seen as staging grounds for what war?
    • WWII
    • In what war did the famous photographer Robert Capa start his career?
    • Spanish Civil War
    • Who was Robert Capa's partner?
    • Gerda Taro
    • What was hung by Jewish stores in WWII?
    • “Jewish business, anyone shopping here will be photographed”
    • What department in the army were photographers under in Nazi Germany?
    • propaganda; because of Goebles
    • Who made money off of photos of Jewish life and then helped Eastern European Jews in Nazi Germany?
    • Vishniac
    • The media in Germany was able to convince the Germans what about WWII?
    • That they were winning when they were actually losing.
    • Name a WWII photographer
    • Margaret Bourke-White, Lee Miller
    • Were battle scenes staged in WWII?
    • no
    • Who worked for Life magazine and showed the lifestyles of the troops in WWII?
    • Eugene Smith
    • Who was the main Korean War photographer?
    • David Douglas Duncan
    • What was the first war that was not censored?
    • Vietnam War
    • Eddie Adams regretted taking a photo of what?
    • a Viet Cong prisoner being shot in Saigon
    • Larry Burrows moved away from photographing the military and started photographing whom during the Vietnam War?
    • civilians
    • What type of signs are indexical?
    • logical, common sense connections- ex. footprint in snow, smoke, map, fever.
    • What is a preconceived idea of how things should be?
    • Expectation
    • What is it called when, unconsciously, your mind only focuses on what it thinks is important?
    • Selectivity
    • When you protect yourself from over stimulation by selecting things you know and understand it is called what?
    • Habitualism
    • Salience is when you notice things more if they have....what?
    • a personal meaning to you.
    • What war was probably the most censored?
    • the first war with Iraq
    • What were images like from the first war with Iraq?
    • stagey and distant; looked like video games
    • What two main photographers photographed September 11?
    • Susan Meiseles and Joel Meyerowitz
    • What is the name of the book from the second (ongoing) war with Iraq that has photos taken by photographers not working alongside the military?
    • Unembedded
    • Who wrote the "Three Guineas" debating whether war photos can prevent war?
    • Virginia Wolf
    • Name a book written by Susan Sontag that was a critical analysis of the media?
    • On Photography
    • A photo of a Palestine child killed by Israelis that caused the Palestines to kill Isrealis supports Susan Sontag's view of what?
    • That war photos enrage people and do not prevent war
    • When did war photography become immediate to American society?
    • Civil War
    • Images make us numb, raises our tolerance for photos. What writer proposes this?
    • Susan Sontag
    • What major force caused Americans to be against the Vietnam War?
    • the media
    • Susan Sontag divides her life between before and after she saw what images?
    • Nazi death camp images
    • Name an artist who depicted the gruesomeness of war even before photography in his engravings.
    • Jacque Calo; Miseries and Misfortunes of War
    • Are war photos just windows?
    • No, they are manipulated and chosen; things are excluded
    • Historically, war photos were meant to show what?
    • glory
    • Our memory of wars has been made up of what?
    • photographs
    • We are a society of what?
    • spectacle
    • Name three instances where photos were used to convict people.
    • 1. Sergeant Calley (opened fire at Mai Lai Massacre)
      2. Wirz (mistreatment of POWS at Andersonville during Civil War)
      3. Abu Ghraib (Iraq photos of torture)
    • What type of photographs were taken during early landscape photography?
    • wet collodion
    • What influenced early landscape photography?
    • 1. Illustrated magazines
      2. Systematic journeys for exploration
      3. Colonial expansion and economics
      4. Potential tourism spots
    • What did early western explorers encounter?
    • 1. Diverstiy
      2. Social Misgivings
      3. Economic Risks
      4. Power Struggles
    • Photographers went on what trips to the Mediterranean.
    • Grand Tours
    • Who are sponsoring tours and surveys for photographers in the 1860s?
    • government, corporations, military
    • Who took photos to illustrate the Bible?
    • Louis McLer (sp?)
    • Who photographed pre-Columbian ruins and historic places where Cortes was?
    • ??