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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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palpebral fissure
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the elliptical open space between the eyelids
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limbus
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border between cornea and sclera
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canthus
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corner of the eye (where lids meet)
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caruncle
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the inner canthus small fleshy mass that contains sebaceous glands
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cornea
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transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil
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sclera
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the white part of the eye
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tarsal plates
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strips of connective tissue that give the upper lid shape
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meibomian glands
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the tarsal plates of upper lid contain these, modified sebaceous glands that secrete an oily lubricationg material onto lids. helps form airtight seal when lids are closed
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conjunctiva
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the exposed part of the eye has this transparent protective covering, thin mucousmembrane . It is folded like an envelope between the eyelid and the eyeball
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lacrimal apparatus
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provides constant irrigation to keep the conjunctiva and cornea moist
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tears drain into the ______
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puncta, visible on upper and lower lids at the inner canthus, then into the nasolacrimal sac through the 1/2 inch nasolacrimal duct
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what gland secretes tears?
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the lacrimal gland
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What prevents air from being blown up the nasolacrimal duct when one sneezes?
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a tiny fold of mucous membrane
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Which 3 cranial nerves stimulate the extraocular muscles?
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cranial nerve VI, IV, III
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The eye is a sphere composed of 3 concentric coats: they are.....
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1. the fibrous outer sclera
2. the middle vascular choroid 3. the inner nervous retina |
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the sclera is continuous with the _____ , the part of the eye that covers the pupil and iris
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cornea
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the _____ bends incoming light rays so they will be focused on the inner retina
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cornea
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choroid
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the middle layer vascular layer of the eye, has dark pigmentation to prevent light from reflecting internally
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the iris and ciliary body are continuous with the _______
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choroid
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the ______ dilates/contracts the pupil in response to amount of light
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iris
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lens
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biconvex disc located just posterior to the pupil. Keeps a viewed object in continual focus on the retina.
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what controls the thickness of lens?
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the ciliary body (anchors lens in place also). Lens bulges for focusing on near objects and flattens for far objects
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ciliary body functions
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1. accomodation (focus), contracts to focus on near object and controls lens focus
2. produces aqueous humor |
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Name the layers of the eye
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Describe components of eye anatomy (from side view)
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Muscles of eye
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anterior chamber of eye
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posterior to cornea and in front of the iris and lens.
Contains aqueaous humor |
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posterior chamber of eye
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lies behind the iris to the side of the lens
Contains aqueaous humor |
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aqueaous humor
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prooduced by cilliary body, carries nutrients and removes wastes
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determinants of intraocular pressure
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amount of aqueous humor and resistance to outflow at the angle of the anterior chamber
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retina
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visual receptive layer of the eye in which light waves are changed into nerve impulses. The retina surrounds gelatinous humor.
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optic disc
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area where fibers from retina converge to form the optic nerve the exits out the back of the eye
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macula
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surrounds the fovea centralis and also receives and transduces light from the center of the visual field
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the image formed on the retina is ____ and _____ from the actual image in the outside world
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upside down, reversed
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pupillary light reflex
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normal constriction of the pupils when bright light shines on the retina
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accommodation
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the adaptatino of the eye for near vision, accomplished by the ciliary body curving the lens
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myopia
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near sightedness. Light is focused infront of retina rather than on retina
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scotoma
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blind spot surrounded by area of normal/decr. vision,
occurs with glaucoma and optic nerve disorders |
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sudden onset of eye symptoms (pain, floaters, blind spot, loss of peripheral vision etc) is considered an ________
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emergency
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diplopia
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double vision
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lacrimation
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tearing
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epiphora
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excessive tearing
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glaucoma is characterized by:
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increased intraocular pressure
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what do Snellen eye chart numbers indicate?
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top number indicates distance from chart. bottom number indicates how far from chart normal person should be to be able to read that line
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presbyopia
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the decrease in power of accomodation with aging
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strabismus
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true disparity of eye axis (e.g. cross eyed)
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esotropia
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inward turning of the eye (cross eyed)
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exotropia
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outward turning of the eye
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