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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which nephron accounts for the majority of the kidney function?
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cortical
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Which nephron has a long loop of Henle?
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juxtamedullary
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What does albumin do to GFR?
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by reducing osmotic glomerular pressure, GFP increases, increasing GFR
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What cells support the glomerular capillaries?
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mesangial cells
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What cells form the filter in the glomerule?
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podocytes
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What are the 3 mechanisms of intrinsic control?
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myogenic - smooth muscle of afferent arteriole
tubloglomerular - macula densa cells control of afferent arteriole mesangial - contraction of mesangial, which decreases filtration through the podocytes |
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When does extrinsic control kick in? Why?
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Under extreme water loss
the water needs to conserve water if it is being lost, low MAP increases sympathetic innervation of the kidneys, decreasing GFR |
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What substance is freely filtered, but not reabsorbed or secreted?
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inulin
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What substance is freely filtered, not reabsorbed, and only slightly secreted?
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creatinine
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Using creatinine to estimate GFR leads to a slight ____-estimation. Why?
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over
since it is being secreted a little bit, but filtration contibutes the most, GFR will be slightly less than the value found |
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Where in the kidneys does most re-absorption occur?
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proximal and distal tubules
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Where does most of the water and salt re-absorption occur?
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proximal tubules
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What uses most of the kidneys energy?
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Na+/K- pump in which Na+ is the key for other substances movement
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Proximal tubules have a ____ tight junction.
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leaky
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Distal tubules have a ____ tight junction.
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tight
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Hypovolemia triggers more vasopressin or stops it? Why?
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more
if you are hypovelemic your water loss exceeds intake meaning you body wants to conserve water. More vasopressin = more water absorption via AQP2 |
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What gland secretes ADH?
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posterior pituitary
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Where do the AQP2 channels insert?
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apical membrane
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Which limb is only permeable to water out of the lumen?
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descending
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Which limb is only permeable to solutes out of the lumen?
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ascending
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Na+ is not ____ in regards to kidney lumens.
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secreted
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____ regulates Na+ reabsorption. If increased, it ____ the number of Na+/K+ channels in the ____ membrane, as well as the number of pumps in the ____ membrane in the ____ tubule.
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aldosterone
increases apical basolateral distal |
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Aldosterone increases Na+ ____ and increases K+ ____.
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reabsorption
secretion |
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Reduced MAP triggers ____ leading to aldosterone secretion and ____ reabsorption.
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RAAS
Na+ |
