Plant Propagation Ch9 Flash Cards

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Title:	Plant Propagation Ch9
Description:	Plant Propagation NVCC
Number of Cards:	42
Save Count:	0
Author:	shk23814
Created:	2010-02-18
Tags:	ch9 hort
Private	No

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- Question
- Answer
- Side 3

- de novo
- new
- four stages of 'de novo' adventitious root formation
- 1.
  2.
  3.
  4.
- what is callus?
- an irregular mass of parenchyma cells in various stages of lignification
  p286
- adventitious
- accidental, occurring in an unusual place
- preformed adventitious roots
- develop naturally on stems while they are still attached to the parent plant
  p279
- wound induced adventitious roots
- develop only after a cut is made, in response to wounding
- What are the advantages of wounding?
- wounded tissues are stimulated into cell division and production of roots
- Auxins
  
  effects on plant growth/rooting
- -Promotes adventitious root formation
  -Has the greatest effect on root formation in cuttings
- Gibberellins
  
  effects on plant growth/rooting
- -inhibits adventitious bud and root formation
  -can promote shoot elongation AFTER formation
- Ethylene
  
  effects on plant growth/rooting
- -better in intact plants not cuttings, herbaceous rather than woody, & plants having preformed root initials
  -not promotive in bud & shoot formation
- Abscisic Acid-ABA
  
  effects on plant growth/rooting
- x
- Cytokinins
  
  effects on plant growth/rooting
- -inhibits root formation
  
  -promotes bud & shoot formation
- Best time to take cuttings of broad leaved and narrow leaved evergreens
- during their one or more flushes of growth throughout the year (growing season)
- Benefits of applying mist to a cutting
- -slows down leaf transpiration
  -lowers ambient air temperature
- preformed (latent) roots
- develop naturally on stems while still attached to the parent plant
- wound induced roots
- develop only after cut is made in response to wounding
- 4 stages of de novo adventitious root formation
- 1. differentiation of specific differentiated cells
  2. formation of root intitials
  3. development of root initials into organized root primordia
  4. growth and emergence of the root primordia outward
- What is polarity?
- condition inherent in cuttings that exhibits different properties in opposite parts
- distal
- nearest the shoot tip
- proximal
- nearest the crown
- crown
- junction of the shoot and root system
- growth regulator that has the greatest effect on root formation in cuttings
- auxins
- Of all plant growth regulators, this has the greatest effect on root formation in cuttings
- Auxins
- 2 types of adventitious roots
- preformed
  
  wound induced
- preformed adventitious roots
- develop naturally on stems while still attached to the parent plant
- wound induced adventitious roots
- develop only after a cut is made in response to wounding
- what is callus?
- an undifferentiated mass of cells, develops as a response to wounding
- meristems
- areas of active cell division and growth in plants
- Stem and leaf bud cuttings need to form...
- ...new adventitious roots
- Root cuttings and leaf cuttings must initiate...
- ...adventitous roots and adventitious buds
- _______ is a part of plant propagation
- failure
- 3 classes with regard to growth regulators effects on rooting
- 1. easy to root
  2. moderately easy to root
  3. recalcitrant
- recalcitrant
- -resistant, difficult
  -in regards to roots, lacks the cell sensitivity to respond
- easy to root
- plants that have all the essential substances plus auxins. Rapid root formation occurs.
- moderately easy to root
- plants in which the naturally occurring root morphogens are present in ample amounts, limited auxins. Auxin is needed to enhance rooting.
- Only ________ cuttings should be collected for propagation
- high-quality
- Propagators prefer to collect propagules from stock plants ...
- ...early in the day when cuttings are still turgid (filled with water)
- If cuttings cannot be stuck immediately....
- ...they are misted to reduce transpiration and refrigerated
- successful storage of unrooted cuttings depends on...
- ...storage conditions, state of the cuttings, and species
- when storing unrooted cuttings, it is best to maintain...
- ...100 % humidity
- when storing unrooted cuttings, the temperature should be...
- ...as low as the hardiness of the species can tolerate
- root morphogen
- substance that stimulates rooting. It can be auxin or a combination of substances with auxin