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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Science.
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Body of Knowledge about natural and physical world, arranges knowledges in way beneficial to mankind, way of obtaining answers to cause and effect descriptive ?'s
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What is a set of basic, testable postulates that function together to explain set of related observations?
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a Theory
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Often the starting point of process of sciene (S method)
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Observation
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A test of the hypothesis (s method)
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Experiment
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Comparison of expected results w/the actual outcome of experiment leads to... (s method)
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Conclusion
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Tentativ, explanation that attempts to answer cause and effect question (s method)
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Hypothesis
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Individuals exposed to the variable being tested (s method)
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Experimental Group
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Describe experiments...
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Can involve manipulations or observations of nature, are designed in a non-biased way, treatment of controlled experiment consists of many individuals and each experiment is replicated
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What is independent variable in experiment?
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A factor in an experiment that is manipulated
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What is a dependent variable?
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the response to the manipulation
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what is a control in an experiment?
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treatment in which the independent cariable is either eliminated or set at some standard value. ex. if working with polution in ozone, control plants would not be exposed experimental plants would
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Metabolism is....
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all biochemical reactions within an organism
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Response to External Stimuli is...
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The sensitive plant has leaves that collapse when an insect crawls on it
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Replication is...
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Increase in cell numbers
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Growth is...
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An irreversible increase in size
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A Cell is...
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smallest unit that is alive
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Reproduction is...
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Increase in # of individuals like the parent
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What are characteristics of all living organisms
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cell reproduction, movement, and over genereations individuals of a population change in response to changed environment
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Movement, as a criteria of life includes....
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development, mobility of parts of a stationary organism, and mobility of whole organism
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True or False?
Processes or activities of life are interrelated to one another; that is if one activity changes the other does too |
True
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Classification is...
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placing objects or organisms into groups based on established criteria and shared features
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The kingdom category is...
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the most inclusive of categories, containing the greatest # of organisms that share the fewest features
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Sexual Reproduction...
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involves just the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg), AND consist of fertilization and meiosis
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What is the group in the plant kingdom that contains largest # of species that live in widest range of habitats
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Flowering plants (angiosperms)
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Bryophytes are...
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mosses, liverworts
first land plants seedless, non vascular use spores for dispersal |
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Ferns are...
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seedless , spore producing,vascular plants
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Gymnosperms are...
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conebearing, vascular, seed producing
largest organisms on earths surface |
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What are features exhibited by all members of plant kingdom?
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Plants are multicellular and show cellular specialization AND Plants make their own food from simple inorganic substances using light energy AND Plants have cell walls that are made up of cellulose
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Seed Coat is...
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Part of the seed that protects the embryo and storage reserve
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Endosperm is...
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Food storage tissue
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Germination is...
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The first step in the development of a seedling
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Dicots are...
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Group of plants that have two cotyledons in its seed
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Embryonic Axis is...
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Part of the seed that develops into the seedling
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Bran refers to...
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The seed coat that is a good source of dietary fiber (roughage)
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Seed dormancy is...
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A period of no growth of the embryo even when there are favorable growing conditions
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Emergence is...
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the stage of development that begins with the embryonic shoot growing through the soil and then developing into a photosynthetic seedling
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True or False?
The energy needed for a developing seedling comes from food reserves in the seed |
True
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Fibrous is...
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A root system composed of many equally sized roots
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A stem is...
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a plant structure that has nodes and internodes
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Stolons are...
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Horizontal, above ground stems used to propagate strawberries
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Tubers are...
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A swollen tip of a rhizome; white potato is an example
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A leaf is...
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The major photosynthetic organ of a seed plant
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A rhizome is...
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Horizontal stem located below the ground (ed. ferns grass, iris)
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Offsets or tillers are...
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Lateral shoots at the base of the crown that gives rise to new plants
ex. rye grass, agave |
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A bulb is...
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Short, underground stems surrounded by fleshy(food storage leaves)
ex. onion, garlic, lily |
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An organ is...
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A body part composed of different tissues that work together to perform specific functions
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Comparisions between monocotes and dicots...
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Monocots have one cotyledon, dicots have two.....AND...Monocots have leaf sheaths that go around stem, dicots dont have them...AND... Monocots tend to have fibrous root systems, dicots have taproots
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What underground structures store food that is used to support growth the next spring?
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fleshy taproot, bulb, and corm
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A root is...
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a plant organ that functions to anchor the plant to the soil and to absorb and conduct water and minerals
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What are main functions of most stems?
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production of leaves, support of leaves, conduction of water and minerals
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What is the biosphere?
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the part of the earth and its atmosphere where organisms live
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Who invented penicillin?
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Fleming
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What are the steps to the scientific method?
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Observation of nature, Question of determination, Hypothesis, Design Experiment, Conclusion
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An experiment is...
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a set of manipulations or observations of nature that test a hypothesis
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What is protoplasm?
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makes up the essential material of all plant and animal cells.
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What are the 8 activities of life?
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Growth, Movement, Responsiveness to external stimuli, Metabolism, Reproduction, Heredity, Obtain/Store Energy, and Homeostasis
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Metabolism is...
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sum total of biochemical reaction in a cell
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Homeostasis is...
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maintaining a relatively constant internal environment
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What hardships do plants endure when moving onto land?
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dehydration, support, separation of resource, h20 needed for sperm to swim, h20 for offspring dispersal
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What do roots do?
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make storage space, absorb water and minerals, and anchor plant
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What are fleshy taproots? Ex?
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store significant food for regrowth of individual, ex. sweet potato
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