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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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denotation
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the actual meaning of a word (i.e. dictionary definition)
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connotation
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all associated meanings of a word
(e.g. frugal and cheap have similar denotations but different connotations) |
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sonority
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describes the sound of a word
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diction
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choice of words
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cacophony
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harsh-sounding words
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euphony
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pleasant-sounding words
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alliteration
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the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of successive words
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assonance
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the repetition of vowel sounds in successive words
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consonance
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the repetition of consonants sounds in successive words that are NOT at the beginning of the words (see alliteration)
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rhyme
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a correspondence in ending sounds of words
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slant rhyme
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a near rhyme; two words with sounds that almost rhyme but aren't completely corresponding (e.g. heart & guard)
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sight rhyme
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two words that are written as if they should rhyme but actually have different sounds (e.g. height & weight)
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onomatopoeia
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a word that's an imitation of the sound associated with it (i.e. buzz or hiss)
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syllable
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a unit of spoken language the divides a word based on sound units
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line
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a part of the poem that is expressed in a single space without a break
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stanza
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a division of the poem that consists of series of lines arranged together
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couplet
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a two-line stanza
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tercet
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a three-line stanza
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quatrain
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a four-line stanza
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sestet
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a six-line stanza
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octave
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an eight-line stanza
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rhyme scheme
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a pattern of rhyming lines usually described by a series of lower case letters
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rhythm
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"an ordered recurrent alternation of strong and weak elements in the flow of sound and silence in speech"
All poetry has this even when it doesn't have a specific meter. |
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stress
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"a syllable having relative force or prominence"
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pause
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a temporary stop in a line
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caesura
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a pause in the middle of poetry lines
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end-stopped line
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a line of poetry that is complete at the end of the line
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enjambment
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also known as a "run-on line"
a thought that continues on to the next line of poetry |
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meter
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name for the length of a counted line
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tetrameter
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a line with four feet
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pentameter
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a line with five feet
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hexameter
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a line with six feet
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iamb
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unstressed, stressed
( ˘ ' ) |
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trochee
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stressed, unstressed
( ' ˘ ) |
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anapest
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unstressed, unstressed, stressed
( ˘ ˘ ' ) |
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dactyl
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stressed, unstressed, unstressed
( ' ˘ ˘ ) |
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accent
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represents a stressed syllable
( ' ) |
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breve
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represents an unstressed syllable
( ˘ ) |
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blank verse
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poetry with unrhymed lines (iambic pentameter is common)
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free verse
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poetry in which lines are of different widths and there is not a regular rhyme scheme
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closed form
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poetry with an established pattern of meter, rhyme, etc. (e.g. sonnet, haiku, villanelle)
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open form
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form of poetry without an specific established pattern
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imagery
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language that appeals to the senses
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symbolism
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the use of representations to convey meaning
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analogy
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comparison of A and B
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anaphora
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repetition of opening word
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anticlimax
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words arranged in an order that is strikingly less dramatic or important than expected
(e.g. in silk, in crepes, in Garters, and in rags) |
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antithesis
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opposition of A and B
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apposition
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list of different formulations of the same thing
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catalogue
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a list of words in no particular order
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chiasmus
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an X-like arrangement of words
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metaphor
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comparison without "like" or "as"
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metonymy
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substitution of the name of an attribute or a thing for the thing itself
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paradox
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union of dissimilar qualities
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parallelism
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repeated syntactical similarities introduced for rhetorical effect
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periphrasis
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circumlocution
talking around the idea beating around the bush |
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personification
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an abstraction made into a person
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pun
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a play on two meanings of one word
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quotation
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to repeat the exact words found somewhere else ( " " )
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simile
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comparison with "like" or "as"
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synecdoche
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substitution of a part for the whole
a specific kind of metonymy |
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zeugma
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two dissimilar objects of the same verb
(e.g. he took his hat and his leave) |
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point of view
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a position or perspective from which something is considered or evaluated
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first-person
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point of view that comes directly from the speaker or writer (not a third-person narrator)
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third-person omniscient
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the point of view of a narrator who knows the thoughts and actions of all characters
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third-person limited
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the point of view of a narrator who knows the thoughts and actions of only a select group of characters
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characterization
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the process of describing a particular character
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expository characterization
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the author tells you what the character is like
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dramatic characterization
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the author shows you what the character is like through the character’s words and actions
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flat character
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simple character
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round character
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complex, developed character
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static character
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unchanging character
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developing character
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character that evolves and changes during the narrative
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protagonist
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the principal character in a literary work
the hero |
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antagonist
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the character who contends with or opposes the protagonist
the villain |
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plot
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the events of the narrative
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exposition
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beginning of the plot
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conflict
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the central, driving problem of the narrative
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climax
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the part where the conflict reaches its greatest intensity
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dénouement
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falling action
the resolution and end of the narrative |
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diagetic order
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chronological order of the narrative's events
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narrative order
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the order in which the events are told to us
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analepse
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flashback
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prolepse
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foretelling future events
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ellipsis
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something left out
(e.g. Miss Brill's reaction to the young couple's comments) |
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descriptive pause
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a pause in the narrative occasioned by a description
(i.e. the speaker stops to explain or describe something in detail) |
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direct discourse
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someone's words are quoted directly
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indirect discourse
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someone's words are reported or paraphrased
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frame narrative
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a narrative within which another narrative is told
a story within a story |
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setting
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the time and place in which a narrative takes place
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textual rhythm
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"an ordered recurrent alternation of strong and weak elements in the flow of sound and silence in speech" found in prose
can be fast or slow |
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atmosphere
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the surrounding influence or environment
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tone
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style or manner of expression
the quality of something (an act or a piece of writing) that reveals the attitudes and presuppositions of the author |
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description
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an act of describing (often intended to give a mental image)
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