positioning final - cranium etc 9/17/09

Question

The _______ fracture occurs when the eye is struck in the front causing a fracture in the floor of the orbit.

The Water's view demonstrates what (as far as facial bones are concerned)?

This projection is used to demonstrate fractures of the diseased processes an exam of facial bones, nasal bones, orbits and paranasal sinus?

exams of the facial bones, orbits and sinuses use the blank projection for demonstration of fractures and diseased processes

the blank is the rigged bone above the orbit

true or false: the vomer is the trianglar bone that forms the inferior posterior portion of the bony nasal septum

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

a pediatric patient enters radiology for a paranasal sinus series; b/c of her age the child is unable to hold still for the projections even with the use of immobilization devices, the decision is to hold the child during each exposure. Which of the following individuals should be asked to hold the child?

the most common radiographic sign for secondary osteomelytis of the paranasal sinuses is?

The pathway of communication b/w the frontal, maxiallary and ethmoid sinuses that provides drainage b/w them is termed?

a patient comes to radiology or a sinus series and is unable to stand or sit erect for any of the projections; which of the following projections would best detect any of the air-fluid levels present in the maxillary sinus? PA, Parieotalcanthial, or horizontal beam lateral?

the radiograph of the open-mouth Waters position reveals that the mouth is open but the sphenoid sinuses are superimposed over the maxilla and upper teeth; what position error occurred?

A radiograph of the SMV projection reveals that the mandible is superimposed over the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses; which of the following modifications will eliminate this problem?

The radiograph for a PA projection of the sinuses reveals that the pretrous ridges are projected over the ethmoid sinuses; which of the following modifications will eliminate the superimposition while not compromising diagnostic quality?

a radiograph of the waters projection reveals that the petrous ridges are superimposed over the lower 30% of the maxiallary sinuses; what specific positioning error, if any, led to this radiographic finding?

which sinuses are projected through the oral cavity with the parietalacanthial trans-oral projection?

Which positioning line is perpendicular to the image receptor for parietalacanthion (Water’s) projection?

Which sinuses are best demonstrated with the parietalacanthion projection?

Which sinuses are best demonstrated with a PA projection?

Where is the CR centered for the lateral projection of the sinuses?

Along with the use of erect positions, what other technical factor is important to demonstrate air-fluid levels in the paranasal sinuses? small focal spot, horizontal xray beam, or use of medium kv

true or false: optic foramen studies are routinely taken as bi-lateral projections

The proper name for the parietal-orbital projection is?

Which positioning line is place perpendicular to the image receptor for the parietal orbital projection of the optic foramina?

what is the angle b/w the MSP and IR for the parietalorbital projection of the optic foramen

Which projection best demonstrates the floor of the orbits?

Which positioning line is placed perpendicular to the plane of the IR for the parietalacanthion projection?

true or false: infections involving the upper teeth may involve the frontal sinuses?

true or false: all of the sinuses intercommunicate with each other with the nasal cavity

which sinus often produces an air fluid-level indicating a basilar skull fracture?

what is the only paranasal sinus not contained within a cranial bone?

The term antrum of hymor refers to which sinus?

how many facial bones make up the bony orbit?

how many orbital bones total?

the posterior aspect of the orbit is termed?

The upper and lower teeth are embedded in the?

Which 2 bones form the nasal septum?

Which of the following terms describes the junction of the 2 nasal bones?

Which of the following structures are described as scroll like projections found in the nasal cavity

What type of joint is the TMJ?

Know the anatomy of the facial bones

What is the small bone located at the base of the tongue called?

What is the largest, most dense bone of the face?

Which of these bones is not a facial bone? Zygomatic bones, mandible, maxilla or ethmoid

The zygomatic arches are part of which bone? Frontal, Parietal or Temporal?

Which of the following projections demonstrate the condyle and neck of the mandible? A) Axiolateral B) Axiolateral oblique C)AP Axial

The axiolateral oblique projection is used to demonstrate the mandible, how is the head postioned to demonstrate the ramus of the mandible?

The axiolateral oblique projection is used to demonstrate the mandible, how is the head postioned to demonstrate the symphysis of the mandible?

The axiolateral oblique projection is used to demonstrate the mandible, how is the head postioned to demonstrate the body of the mandible?

How do you position the head to demonstrate the ramus of the mandible?

Which reference line is placed perpendicular to the IR in the PA and PA axial of the mandibular rami?

At which level will the CR be placed for the tangential projection of the zygomatic arch?

At which level will the CR be place for the SMV projection of the zygomatic arches?

Which line is placed nearly parallel (as possible) to IR for the SMV projection of the zygomatic arch?

Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the facial bones?

Which part of the patients face is touching the bucky for the Waters position?

What is the CR angulation for the axiolateral oblique projection for the TMJ?

Which of the following lines is placed parallel to the transverse axis of the IR for the axiolateral oblique projection of the TMJ? A)glabella meatal B) orbital meatal C) acanthion meatal D) mental meatal

The midsaggital plane of the head is rotated how many degrees for the axiolateral oblique projection of the TMJ?

What is the CR angulation for the AP axial projection of the TMJ?

Which line is placed perpendicular to the IR for AP axial projection of the TMJ articulation?

Several methods are available to perform the axiolateral oblique projection of the mandible to demonstrate the symphysis, body or ramus – what is the central ray angulation for all of these projections?

What is the CR angulation for PA axial projection of the mandibular rami?

Which of the following projections will clearly demonstrate any medial or lateral displacements or fractures of the mandibular rami? A)PA B) PA axial C) Axiolateral oblique D) what combination

Which of the following is centered to IR for the PA projection of the mandibular rami? A) mental point B)Glabella C). nasion D) tip of the nose

What is the CR angulation for the AP axial projection of the zygomatic arches?

Where is the IR centered for the AP axial projection of the zygomatic arches?

Which line is placed perpendicular to the plane of the IR for the AP axial projection of the zygomatic arches? A) OML B) Mental meatal C) acanthiomeatal D) IOML C) Central Ray

For the tangential projection of the zygomatic arch the CR is directed perpendicular to which line?

For the tangential projection of the zygomatic arch the top of the head is tilted how many degrees?

For the tangential projection of the zygomatic arches the head of (something I can't understand) midsaggital plane is how many degrees in what direction?

Both zygomatic arches can be demonstrated on one projection for which of the following projections? A) Tangential B) SMV C) AP axial D) what combo

For the SMV projection of the zygomatic arches the CR directed perpendicular to what line?

Which of the following is true regarding the lateral projection of the nasal bones: 1. the occlusal IR may be used 2. both sides are done for comparison 3. the interpupillary line is perpendicular to the table top 4. what combo

Trauma patients may arrive in Rad department with their head immobilized, a reverse Waters can be done by adjusting the CR to be parallel to what line?

The CR angulation of the reverse Waters is how many degrees?

Which of the following is placed perpendicular to the IR for the acanthiomeatal projection or the reverse Waters of the facial bones?

The waters method of the facial bones is modified so that there is less angulation of the facial bones, for this modification the OML is adjusted how many degrees?

Which facial bones are clearly demonstrated on the Waters method? A) zygomatic arches B) maxilla C) orbits D) what combo

Which of the following is centered to the IR for the pariatoacanthio projection (Waters projection) of the facial bones?

Which of the following is true regarding the positioning for the Waters method: 1. The OML forms a 37 degree angle with the plane of the IR 2. The MML is perpendicular to the plane of the IR 3. The coronal plane is perpendicular to the IR 4. what combo

For the Waters method the OML is placed at what angle to the IR?

The lateral projection of the facial bones clearly demonstrates the: A) petrous ridge B) all facial bones in their entirety C) petromastoid portion D) maxilla

Which of the following is placed parallel to the transverse axis of the IR for the lateral projection of the facial bones?

For the lateral projection of the facial bones the IR is centered to the what? A) acanthion B) nasion C) zygomatic bone D) glabella

For the optimal image of the mastoid process which of the following should occur: 1. use a 0.6 mm focal spot or less 2. use a high resolution screen 3. use smallest possible film size

Which of the following are demonstrated on the AP axial (Towns) method projection of the skull: 1. petrous pyramids 2. Occipital bone 3. posterior portion of the foramen magnum

Which of parts of the patient's face touch the table for a PA axial projection of the Caldwell?

The base of the temporal bone contains an opening which the internal coratid artery passes...

the thickest and densest bone in the cranium is what?

The base of the anterior portion of the occipital bone contains 2 large openings that allow blood vessels and nerves to pass through are called

larger aperture in the occipital bone through which the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord are termed the

the posterior half of the base of the skull is composed of which bone

Know anatomy of skull

the superior aspect of the sphenoid bone contains a deep compression that contains the?

The six areas of incomplete ossification of an newborn infants skull

the suture located between the occipital bone and the parietal bone is the?

which of the following bones are contained in the calvarium: 1. frontal 2. paritiel 3. temporal

which of the following bones is contained the floor of the cranium 1. ethmoid 2. sphenoid 3. temporal

the bones of the cranium are joined together by fibrous joints called

how many bones are in the skull

which of the following are clearly demonstrated on the SMV projection of the cranial base 1. Mastoid process 2. sphenoid process 3. coratid canals

for an SMV projection of the cranial base the CR should always be perpendicular to what positioning line

what is the CR angulation for the SMV projection?

Radiographic demonstration of the cranial base is performed by what method?

Which line should be parallel to the plane of the IR for the SMV projection of the cranial base?

What is the average CR angulation for the PA axial projection of the skull for the Haas method?

Which of the following is clearly demonstrated within the foreaman magnum during the AP axial of the skull? Dorsum Sellae, Sella Turcica, posterior clinoid processes

Which of the following lines is placed perpendicular to the plane of the IR for the AP axial projection?

If the patient cannot flex the neck to place the OML perpendicular to the IR for an AP axial projection which line should be placed perpendicular?

When would you use a caudal angulation of 37 degrees?

Often the patient cannot be placed in the prone position for a PA axial projection of the skull what CR angle can be used if an AP axial projection is done instead?

Which of the following is perpendicular to the plane of the IR for the Caldwell projection of the skull?

The CR angle for the PA axial or Caldwell projection of the skull is?

What method will demonstrate the petrous ridges in the orbits, the ethmoid and frontal sinus, and the crista galla?

Which of the following will be superimposed in the lateral projection of the skull? Orbital roofs EAM temporal mandibular joints, or what combo?

Which of the following is true regarding lateral projections of the skull? 1. Midsaggital plane of the head is parallel to the plane of the IR 2.Interpupillary line is perpendicular to the IR 3. The mento meatal line is parallel with the bottom edge of the IR

The CR and center of the IR position for a lateral projection of the skull is?

Which plane of the head is placed parallel to the IR for a lateral projection of the skull?

In a typical shaped head the petrous pyramids project anteriorly and medially at what angle?

Dolichocephalic is what skull shape?

Which skull type is considered average?

Know positioning lines and positioning points

Where are the semi-circular canals located?

The vestibule cochlear organ is the organ of?

The petromastoid portion is a part of which bone? Ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital or temporal

Which bone in the skull contains the auditory organs and organs of hearing?

Which bone has condyles that articulate with the atlas of the cervical spine?

Once again he reminds us to know the anatomy of the skull.

Which skull suture is located between the parietal bones?

Which suture is between the frontal and parietal bones?

Which is not a facial bone? maxilla ethmoid mandible zygomatic

Which is not a bone of the cranium? frontal maxilla spheniod occipital

The cranial bones original join together by articualtions called?

How many bones make up the face?

How many bones are in the cranium?