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10 Cards in this Set
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A chemical substance that provides nourishment & affects the metabolic nutritive process (carbs, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water)
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NUTRIENT
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Composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; starches and sugars obtained mainly from plant foods, except lactose (milk); source of energy (4 kcal/g)
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CARBOHYDRATES
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becomes a gel in water & delays GI transit time--helps prevent diarrhea in tube-fed patients
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SOLUBLE FIBER
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does not change in water & accelerates intestinal transit--helps with constipation in patients taking pain medications
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INSOLUBLE FIBER
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insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents; at room temperature solid fats & liquid oils; composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen; source of energy (9 kcal/g) TRIGLYCERIDES
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LIPIDS
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made of amino acids, contain oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, & nitrogen; source of energy (4 kcal/g)
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PROTEIN
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7 Major Minerals:
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calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride, & sulfer
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stored in limited amounts for short periods (C & B complex)
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WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS
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able to be stored in the body for longer periods (A, D, E, K)
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FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
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most important components of proteins in the human body, essential for synthesis of body tissue in growth, maintenance & repair
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AMINO ACIDS
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