PRNU 103-Ch.21-Vital Signs

Vital Signs
- tells us ___
- gives us an idea of ___
- gives and indication as to the ___ of the patient and clues to ___
- list 5 vital signs

Production of Body Heat
- the body produces heat by ___
- is controlled by the ___ in the brain which acts as a thermostat
- is affected by the hormone ___

Body Temp
- is the difference between ___ and ___
- the body loses heat through ___, ___, and ___ systems
- normal body temp ___

Abnormal Temp
1.) ___: temp is above the normal range
- called a ___ or ___
- temp ___
2.) ___: lowering the temp of the entire body
- temp ___

Temp Ranges
- normal
- hyperthermia
- hypothermia
- deg F
- deg C

Oral (O) Temp
- identified by a ___ colored cap and has a ___ tip
- placed in the ___ of the mouth
- wait ___ min for a reading
- can not be used if patient is prone to ___ or may ___
- must wait ___ min if patient has just chewed gum, ate food, or drank liquids
- can be used to take ___ temp

Rectal (R) Temp
- identified by a ___ colored cap and has a ___ tip
- inserted ___ inches into the anus
- wait ___ min for a reading
- typically reads ___ than ___ temp
- common rectal temp patients are ___, ___, ___, or ___

Axillary (AX) Temp
- thermometer is placed in the ___
- wait ___ min for a reading
- typically reads ___ than ___ temp
- can use a ___ thermometer

Tympanic (TM) Temp
- placed in the ___
- is an accurate measurement of ___ temp

Pulse
- is produced by ___
- nromal range ___
- palpate for ___ min
- pulse factors include ___, ___, ___, ___
- is typically taken in ___ location
- pulse volume or strength can be either ___ or ___

Pulse Rate
1.) ___: fast pulse; greater than ___ beats/min
2.) ___: slow pulse; less than ___ beats/min
3.) ___: normal pulse rate
4.) ___: avg pulse rate
5.) ___: difference between apical and radial pulse
6.) ___: simultaneous measurement of apical and radial pulse; used when pulse is ___
7.) ___: irregular pulse in force and rhythm

Respirations
- is the process of ___
- consists of two phases ___ and ___
- when taking respirations we measure the ___ and ___
- normal respiration range ___
- respirations increase in response to ___
- ratio of respirations to heartbeats ___
- respiration rate ___ about ___ breaths for each ___ in temp

Respirations
- is a(n) ___ ___ function
- controlled by the ___ in the pons and the ___ in the brainstem
- 6 organs of respirations
- respirations should be counted for ___ and a ___ for a patient with irregular respirations

Respiratory Terms
1.) ___: normal breathing; ___ bpm
2.) ___: rapid breathing; ___ bpm
3.) ___: slow breathing; ___ bpm
4.) ___: increased rate and depth of breathing
5.) ___: decreased rate and depth of breathing
6.) ___: only able to breath when in an upright position
7.) ___: cessation of breathing
8.) ___: difficulty or painful breathing
9.) ___: abnormally deep breathing associated with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

Respiratory Terms
1.) ___: bubbling noises, small airway obstructions usually filled with fluid
2.) ___: whistling sounds usually associated with asthma; upper airway obstruction
3.) ___: when the air passageway is partially blocked
4.) ___: deeper than crackles, larger airway obstruction
5.) ___: when air passes through secretions present in the air passages
6.) ___: severe airway problems or obstructions

Blood Pressure
- is the pressure ___ by the pumping action of the heart
- BP is affected by ___, ___, and ___
- ___, ___, and ___ cause an increse in BP
- ___ and ___ cause a decrese in BP
- ___ and ___ alter BP to compensate for changes in circulating volume

Blood Pressure Ranges
- Normal
- Hypertension
- Hypotension

Blood Pressure Terms
1.) ___: BP consistently above the normal range; ___ mm Hg
2.) ___: BP consistently below the normal range; ___ mm Hg
3.) ___: drop in BP occurring with change from supine or sitting to standing
4.) ___: may be heard related to the effect of the BP cuff on the arterial wall

List 6 Korotkoff Sounds

Pain
- pain is recognized by the Joint Commission as the __ vital sign
- ___ is used for pain assessment

Stethoscope
- ___: is used to hear low pitched sounds in the ___ and for ___
- ___: is used to hear high pitched sounds in the ___ and ___