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what is the chemical formula for water?
H2O
Polar molecule
A molecule that has electrically charged areas.
why is water called a polar substance?
Because it consists of polar molecules
How do water molecules stick together?
The positive hydrogen ends of one water molecule attract the negative oxygen ends of nearby water molecules
capillary action
the combined force of attraction among water molecules and with the molecules of surrounding materials
surface tension
The tightness across the surface of water that is caused by the polar molecules pulling on one another.
solvent
a substance that dissolves another substance
What are the key properties of water?
capillary action
surface tension
universal solvent
High specific heat
solution
a mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another
what is specific heat
the amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a certain mass by 1 degree Centigrade.
Why does water have a high specific heat?
Because of the strong attraction among water molecules.
What is one effect of water's high specific heat?
Land areas near large bodies of water experience less dramatic temperature changes than areas far inland. Land heats up faster than water and cools faster than water.
What are the three states of water?
ice (solid) , water (liquid) and water vapor (gas)
At what temperatures does water change its state?
at 100 C- from liquid to gas

at 0 C- from liquid to solid
Evaporation
The process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to the gaseous state.
Condensation
The process by which a gas changes back to a liquid
What causes the changes in state of water?
As energy is added, the speed of molecules speed up--ice melts, water boils and turns to vapor; as molecules lose energy and slow down-- water freezes, vapor condenses into liquid