Prophets Exam Unit 6 Haggai Zechariah Malachi Joel

• Haggai – message (520)
• Zechariah – (520-518)
• Malachi – 460
• Joel – circa 400 ??

539-530 Cyrus
539 Fall of Babylon to Persians
538 Cyrus' Decree & return of Zerubbabel, Sheshbazzar, etc. to Jerusalem
537 Rebuilding of temple begins
530-522 Cambyses (no interest in helping the Jews)
522-486 Darius I
522-521 Civil War in Persian Empire
520 Temple rebuilding resumed under Haggai & Zechariah (completed 516)
486-464 Xerxes I (Ahasuerus) [Esther]
464-423 Artaxerxes I
460 Malachi
458 Ezra goes to Jerusalem
445-433 Nehemiah at Jerusalem
ca. 400??? Joel

Ch 1 Message I: A popular saying and Haggai’s response
2:1-9 Message II: The glory of the new temple and the glory of the old
2:10-19 Message III: Priestly lessons from the Law
2:20-23 Message IV: Hope for revival of the Davidic dynasty

The main message “is quite simple – the people of Judah should get back to work and finish rebuilding the temple.” The book reminds us that God's will and work must always take priority.”

1:1-6 Introduction: the lesson of history
1:7-ch 6 Visions portraying God’s zeal for rebuilding Zion
ch 7-8 Prophetic exhortation based on history
ch 9-14 Elaboration of Messanic Theme

PRRV
1) The PROMISE to David (2 Sam 7) still stands – Messiah will come.
2) God will RENEW his covenant with his RESTORED people
3) Take courage & have faith in God - They would have a REBUILT temple AND be a RECONSTITUTED covenant people).
4) God controls history & will VINDICATE himself, his Messiah, and his people.

1:1 Superscription
1:2-4:3 Six Disputations
4:4-6 Appendix: Moses the law-giver & Elijah the exemplar of prophecy

Addresses the NOMINALISM of the people of God after the revival of Haggai and Zechariah had worn off. They are not the kind of people that God delights in and makes to be a light to the rest of the world (=Day of the LORD).

1:1 Superscription
1:2-2:17 A Lament
2:18-3:21 The Lord’s response to the lament and the future age

YHWH's judgment (present and apocalyptic) is transformed into salvation when his people accept his offer of grace and return to him with torn hearts (not just torn clothing 2:13).

YHWH:
OPENS security of Zion to all
MEETS his people’s material needs (2:21-27)
GIVES of his very self (3:1-5)

Hag. 1.8 Go up to the hills and bring wood and build the house, that I may take pleasure in it and that I may be glorified, says the LORD.

Hag. 2.9 The latter glory of this house shall be greater than the former, says the LORD of hosts. And in this place I will give peace, declares the LORD of hosts.’”

1. Marriage of heathen wives
2. Neglect in paying tithes
3. Disregard of the Sabbath and its ministry
4. Corruption of the priesthood
5. Social injustice

539-530 Cyrus
530-522 Cambyses (no interest in helping the Jews)
522-486 Darius I
486-464 Xerxes I (Ahasuerus) [Esther]
464-423 Artaxerxes I