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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social Cognition
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how ppl interpret analyze remeber and use information about the world
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schemas
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way of organizing information; mental framework centering on a specific theme that help organize social information
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impacts of schemas (3)
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attention(what we notice) encoding (what we store) retrieval (what we recover)
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priming
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occurs when stimuli or events increase the avalibility in memory or consciousness
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unpriming
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refers to the fact that the effects of the schemas will not decrease until they are somehow expressed in though or behavior
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Anchoring and adjustment
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thendency to make judgements using a number or value as a starting point to which adjusments then are made (ex mean librarian)
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schema persistence
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play an important role in prejudice
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perseverance effect
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is the tendency for beliefs and schemas to remain unchanged even in the face of contradictory information
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Heuristics
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the simple rules for making complex decisions or drawing inferences in a rapid seemingly effortless manner (information overload- our ability to process information is exceded
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types of heuristics
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representativness, availability, anchoring adn adjustment
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representativeness
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making quick decisions b/c it resembles other stimuli or categories (ex different churches they are all holy places)
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availability
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making jusgements on the basis of how easily specific kinds of information can be brought to mind; related to priming
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anchoring and adjustment
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tendency to make judgements using a number or value as a starting pt to which adjustments then are made
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automatic and controlled processing
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that unconsiously we can make decisions ex. the library vs the mall
benefits ppl like when they dont have to think |
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sources of error in social cognition (5)
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negativity bias, optimistic bias, counterfactual thinking, thought suppression, magical thinking
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negativity bias
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the tendency to pay extra attention to the negative information
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optimistic bias
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out tendency to see the worl through rose colored glasses to expect things will turn out well
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overconfidence barrier
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the tendency to have more confidence in the accuracy of our own judgements then is reasonable
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planning fallacy
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to think we can get more dne in a pd of time than we actualky can
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counterfactual thinking
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the tendency to imagine alternative ourcomes in a situation other than ones that actually occured
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thought surpression
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the efforts to prevent certian thoughts from entering consiousness
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magical thinking
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based on irrational assumptions (invensible teens)
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affect and cognition
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how feelings shape thought and thought shapes feelings; moods effect how stimuli are precieved; info that envokes emotional reactions may be processed differently than other kinds of info
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mood congruent effect
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current moods strongly determine which info in a given situation is noticed and entered into memory
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mood dependent effect
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determines what info is retrevied from memory ( happy moods inrease creativity)
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two factor theory of emotions
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the preception of situations can determine emotional reactions; cognition can influence emotions by activating schemas containing a strong affective component (pretty person=love, cut off= anger)
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regulation of affective states
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learning to regulate our emotions
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Tie et al
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the tendency to yeild to temptations and engage in forbidden pleasures is one tchnique we use to reduce neg feelings to distress (saying an affair vs cheating)
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social neuroscience with affect cognition; two systems
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logical thought and affec or emotion
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logical thought
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forward thinking accepting delays
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affect or emotion
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impulsive prefers immediate rewards
(both systems interact during decision making) |
