- Shuffle
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Alphabetize
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Front First
Toggle OnToggle Off
- Both Sides
Toggle OnToggle Off
Front
How to study your flashcards.
Right/Left arrow keys: Navigate between flashcards.right arrow keyleft arrow key
Up/Down arrow keys: Flip the card between the front and back.down keyup key
H key: Show hint (3rd side).h key
PLAY BUTTON
PLAY BUTTON
73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Brimonidine for?
|
Glaucoma
does what? |
decreases aqueous humor synthesis |
|
How doe EPI work for glaucoma?
|
decreases aqueous humor synthesis due to vasoconstriction
ADE? |
mydriasis stinging |
|
what drug cant you give for glaucoma?
|
EPI
|
|
|
how do beta-blockers help for glaucoma?
|
decrease aq humor secretion
|
|
|
how does acetazolamide help for glaucoma?
|
dec aq humor secretion due to decreased HCO3 (inhibits carbonic anhydrase)
|
|
|
what is one tx for essential tremors?
|
beta-blockers
|
|
|
tx for ischemic stroke?
|
tPA if patients presents within 3 hrs of stroke
|
|
|
what is Riluzole used for?
|
ALS
how does it work? |
Riluzole preferentially blocks TTX-sensitive sodium channels, which are associated with damaged neurons.[1] This reduces influx of calcium ions and indirectly prevents stimulation of glutamate receptors. the effect of the neurotransmitter glutamate on motor neurons is greatly reduced. Prolongs life |
|
tx for MS?
|
b-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab
|
|
|
what does baclofen help with?
|
GABA receptor agonist to decrease GABA
|
|
|
tx for GB?
|
plasmapheresis, immune globulins
|
|
|
what do you use sumatriptan for?
|
migraines
|
|
|
what are pilocarpine, carbachol?
|
direct acting cholinomimentics
what are they used for? |
inc outflow of aqueous humor, contract ciliary musc to open up trabecular meshwork |
|
latanoprost is used for?
|
glaucoma
what does it do? |
increases outflow of aqueous humor ADE: darkens color of iris |
|
what do opiod analgesics:
|
agonist at opiod receptors modulate synaptic transmission, inhibit release of ACh, NE, 5HT, glut, substance P
does what? |
closes Ca channels and opens K channels decreases synaptic transmission |
|
dextromethorphan used for:
|
cough suppression
|
|
|
toxicity of opiod analgesics?
|
resp depression
miosis CNS depression if with other drug Addiction what is toxicity tx with? |
naloxone naltrexone |
|
what does butorphanol?
|
partial agonist at opiod mu receptor
agonist kappa receptors, does what |
causes less resp depression than full agonist but: causes withdrawl if on full opiod agonist |
|
what does tramadol do?
|
opiod agonist
inhibits 5HT and NE reuptake for? ADE? |
chronic pain decreases seizure threshold |
|
first-line trigeminal neuralgia?
|
carbamezepine
|
|
|
gabapentin used for?
|
peripheral neuropathy
bipolar dz |
|
|
phenobarb used first line for?
|
seizures in pregnant woman and children
|
|
|
first line for prophylaxis of seizures?
|
phenytoin
|
|
|
what is first line for eclampsia?
|
MgSO4
otherwise benzos |
|
|
with benzos what effects?
|
sedation
tolerance dependance |
|
|
ethosuximide used for?
|
epilepsy
ADE? |
fatigue GI distress HA |
|
what does phenytoin do?
|
dep blockade of Na channels
inc refractory period inhibit of glut release from excit presynap nuron used for? |
tonic-clonic seizures class IB anti-arrythmics |
|
phenytoin tox?
|
nystagmus
ataxia diplopia sedation SLE-like sx in kids? |
gingival hyperplasia in kids hirsutism megaloblastic anemia teratogenic/careful with P450 |
|
what do barb do?
|
facilitate GABA action by inc duration of Cl opening so less neuron firing
|
|
|
thiopental used for what?
|
to induce anesthesia
|
|
|
what do you do for barbit overdose?
|
symptom mgmt
assist resp raise BP |
|
|
what are bad valproic acid sx?
|
hepatotox (measure LFT)
NTD weight gain no go for preg |
|
|
2 epilepsy drugs that cause steven-johnson syd?
|
lamotrignine
carbamazepine |
|
|
one benzo that has a diff name?
|
chlordiazepoxide
|
|
|
how do benzos work?
|
facilitate GABA action by inc frequency of Cl- channel openings
decrease REM Sleep |
|
|
barbits vs benzos on GABA action
|
barbits: increase duration of GABA action keeping Cl channels open longer
benzos: increase GABA by incre frequency of Cl- channel openings |
|
|
what are a short-acting benzo?
|
triazolam
oxazepam midazolam makes them? |
most addictive |
|
drugs for status epilepticus?
|
lorazepam and diazepam
|
|
|
alc withdrawl tx with?
|
benzos [DTs]
what is benzo overdose tx? |
flumazenil (comp GABA antagonist) |
|
both benz and barb have additive effects with?
|
alcohol
|
|
|
what is ambien (zolpidem)
|
used for insomnia, non-benzo hypnotic
act via BZ1 receptor reversed by? |
flumazenil |
|
cns drugs must be what type of soluble?
|
lipid
to cross? |
bbb |
|
decreased drug solubility means?
|
rapid induction but short duration
high solubility means? |
increased potency, but slower induction |
|
increased blood solubility means?
|
incr blood/gas partition coeff
increase solubility slower onset of action |
|
|
what does increased av conc gradient mean?
|
increased solubility
slower onset of action |
|
|
smaller MAC means what about a drug?
|
increased potency
|
|
|
two inhaled anesthetics?
|
halothane
isoflurane NO |
|
|
what is the effect of inhaled anesthetics?
|
depress heart
resp depression nausea/emesis increased cerebral BF so that there is less brain demand |
|
|
what is halothane's ADE?
methyoxyfluranes? |
hepatotox
nephrotox |
|
|
thiopental has what potency and solubility?
|
both high so quick entry into brain
|
|
|
what IV drug is used most for endoscopy?
|
midazolam
ade? |
severe post-op respiratory depression and decreased BP and amnesia |
|
what is ketamine used for?
|
IV anesthia..does what?
deriv of PCP, blocks NDMA recep |
stimulates heart increases cerebral blood flow |
|
which drug has less nausea than thiopental?
|
propofol
rapid anesthesia for short procedure |
|
|
inhaled anesthetics?
|
halothane
methoxyflurane NO |
|
|
name three esthers (local anesthesia?)
|
procaine
cocaine tetracaine what can u give if ether allergy> |
amides |
|
order of nerves that are knocked out with local anestheia
|
small myelin
small unmyelin large myelin large unmyelin senstation loss order? |
pain temp touch pressure |
|
depolarizing neuromusc block drug:
|
succinylcholine [musc paralysis works at NMJ]-rapid induction, very high potency
ade? |
hypercal hyperkal |
|
antidote for succinylcholine [repolarized phase?}
|
neostigmine [cholinesterase inhib]
|
|
|
non-depolaring neuromusc block drugs;
|
tubocurarine,
vecuronium pancuronium do? |
compete with ACh for receptors |
|
What does dantrolene do?
|
prevents Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skel musc
used for? |
malig hyperthermia due to inhalation of anethetics and succinycholine |
|
bromocriptine is a:
|
dopamine receptor antagonist
|
|
|
amantadine is a?
|
increases dopaine release
is also? |
an anti-viral against influenza A, rubella |
|
what does selegiline do?
|
prevents dopamine breakdown
as does? |
entacapone and tolcapone (COMT inhibitors) |
|
benxotripe does what?
|
antimuscarinic that curbs cholinergic activity to improve tremor and rigidity
|
|
|
what converts l-dopa to dopamine>
|
dopa decarboxylase
ADE? give with? |
arrhthmias, dyskineasia give with carbidopa |
|
what does selegiline do?
|
inhibits MAO-B which preferentially breaks down DA and therefore increases dopa availability
give with? |
L-DOPA |
|
what does memantine do?
|
ndma receptor antagonist, for ALZD
ade? |
dizzy confusion hallucinations |
|
what does donepezil/rivastigmine do?
|
acetychlinsterase inhibitors
ade? |
nausea dizz insomnia |
|
haloperidol does what?
|
DA receptor antagonist
making it good for? |
Huntingtons and schizophrenia |
|
what is sumatriptan good for?
|
migraines, cluster HA
MOA |
5-HT agonist that causes vasoconstrict and inhibits trigeminal activation t1/2=<2 hrs cant give with CAD causes tingling |
|
hyperthermia
restlessness alt ment state cardiovasc collapse flushing diarrhea seizures |
serotonin syndrome
tx? |
cyproheptadine (serotonin antagonist) |
|
what cant you eat with MAO-I?
|
tyramine (whine, cheese, sausage, pizza)
causes what? |
hypertensive crisis |
|
what drug cant you take while on MAO-I?
|
SSRI
how long do you have to wait after an MAO-I to start an SSRI? |
2 weeks |
