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38 Cards in this Set
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Methylphenidate
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increase catecholamines at synaptic cleft, especially NE and dopamine
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Use: ADHD, narcolepsy, appetite control |
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dextroamphetamine
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increase catecholamines at synaptic cleft, especially NE and dopamine
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Use: ADHD, narcolepsy, appetite control |
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amphetamine salts
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increase catecholamines at synaptic cleft, especially NE and dopamine
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Use: ADHD, narcolepsy, appetite control |
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Haloperidol
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block D2 receptors and increase cAMP, high potency (neurological side effects)
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Use: Schizophrenia (positive symptoms), acute psychosis, Tourette's Toxicity: 1. highly lipid solble and stored in fat 2. extrapyramidal side effects: acute dystonia (muscle spasm, stiffness, oculogyric crisis) -> akinesia -> akathisia -> tardive dyskinesia (stereotypic oral-facial movements) 3. hyperprolactinemia ->galactorrhea 4. dry mouth, constipation; hypotension; sedation |
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trifluoperazine
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block D2 receptors and increase cAMP, high potency (neurological side effects)
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Use: Schizophrenia (positive symptoms), acute psychosis, Tourette's Toxicity: 1. highly lipid solble and stored in fat 2. extrapyramidal side effects: acute dystonia (muscle spasm, stiffness, oculogyric crisis) -> akinesia -> akathisia -> tardive dyskinesia (stereotypic oral-facial movements) 3. hyperprolactinemia ->galactorrhea 4. dry mouth, constipation; hypotension; sedation |
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fluphenazine
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block D2 receptors and increase cAMP, high potency (neurological side effects)
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Use: Schizophrenia (positive symptoms), acute psychosis, Tourette's Toxicity: 1. highly lipid solble and stored in fat 2. extrapyramidal side effects: acute dystonia (muscle spasm, stiffness, oculogyric crisis) -> akinesia -> akathisia -> tardive dyskinesia (stereotypic oral-facial movements) 3. hyperprolactinemia ->galactorrhea 4. dry mouth, constipation; hypotension; sedation |
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thioridazine
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block D2 receptors and increase cAMP, low potency (non-neurological side effects)
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Use: Schizophrenia (positive symptoms), acute psychosis, Tourette's Toxicity: 1. highly lipid solble and stored in fat 2. extrapyramidal side effects: acute dystonia (muscle spasm, stiffness, oculogyric crisis) -> akinesia -> akathisia -> tardive dyskinesia (stereotypic oral-facial movements) 3. hyperprolactinemia ->galactorrhea 4. dry mouth, constipation; hypotension; sedation retinal deposits |
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chloropromazine
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block D2 receptors and increase cAMP, low potency (non-neurological side effects)
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Use: Schizophrenia (positive symptoms), acute psychosis, Tourette's Toxicity: 1. highly lipid solble and stored in fat 2. extrapyramidal side effects: acute dystonia (muscle spasm, stiffness, oculogyric crisis) -> akinesia -> akathisia -> tardive dyskinesia (stereotypic oral-facial movements) 3. hyperprolactinemia ->galactorrhea 4. dry mouth, constipation; hypotension; sedation corneal deposits |
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Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome
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rigidity, myoglobinuria, autonomic instability, hyperpyrexia (extreme fever)
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Treat with dantrolene and dopamine agonists |
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Olanzapine
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block serotonin 2, dopamine, alpha and histamine receptors
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Use: both positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia, OCD, anxiety disorder, depression, mania, Tourette's Toxicity: weight gain |
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Clozapine
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block serotonin 2, dopamine, alpha and histamine receptors
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Use: both positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia Toxicity: weight grain and agranulocytosis |
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risperidone
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block serotonin 2, dopamine, alpha and histamine receptors
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Use: both positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia |
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quetiapine
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block serotonin 2, dopamine, alpha and histamine receptors
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Use: both positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia |
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aripiprazole
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block serotonin 2, dopamine, alpha and histamine receptors; partial agonist
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Use: both positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia |
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ziprasidone
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block serotonin 2, dopamine, alpha and histamine receptors
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Use: both positive and negative symptoms of Schizophrenia |
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Lithium
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maybe inhibition of phosphoinositol cascade
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Use: Bipolar Disorder, blocks relapse and acute manic episodes, can also treat SIADH Toxicity: Tremor, sedation, edema, heart block, hypothyroidism, polyuria (ADH antagonist), teratogenesis (Epstein's anomaly and malformation of great vessels) Narrow therapeutic window with lethality and in overdose excreted by kidneys and most is absorbed at PCT |
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busiprone
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stimulates serotonin 1A receptors and increase cAMP
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Use: GAD, does not cause sedation, addiction or tolerance and does not interact with alcohol |
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Imipramine
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TCA, blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
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Use: Major depression, bed wetting, fibromyalgia Side Effects: alpha blocking, anticholinergic Toxicity: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrythmias); respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia; confusion and hallucinations in elderly |
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amitriptyline
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TCA, blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
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Use: Major depression, fibromyalgia Side Effects: alpha blocking, anticholinergic** Toxicity: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrythmias); respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia; confusion and hallucinations in elderly |
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nortryptyline
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TCA, blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
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Use: Major depression, fibromyalgia Side Effects: alpha blocking, anticholinergic (least) Toxicity: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrythmias); respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia; confusion and hallucinations in elderly |
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clomipramine
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TCA, blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
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Use: Major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia Side Effects: alpha blocking, anticholinergic Toxicity: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrythmias); respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia; confusion and hallucinations in elderly |
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doxepin
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TCA, blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
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Use: Major depression, fibromyalgia Side Effects: alpha blocking, anticholinergic Toxicity: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrythmias); respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia; confusion and hallucinations in elderly |
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amoxapine
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TCA, blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
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Use: Major depression, fibromyalgia Side Effects: alpha blocking, anticholinergic Toxicity: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrythmias); respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia; confusion and hallucinations in elderly |
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desipramine
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TCA, blocks reuptake of NE and serotonin
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Use: Major depression, fibromyalgia Side Effects: alpha blocking, anticholinergic, has the least sedating and lowest seizure threshold Toxicity: convulsions, coma, cardiotoxicity (arrythmias); respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia; confusion and hallucinations in elderly |
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fluoxetine
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serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors
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Use: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobia Toxicity: less than TCAs; GI distress, sexual dysfunction: Serotonin Syndrome (with drugs that increase serotonin) - hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, seixures; treat with cyproheptadine |
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paroxetine
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serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors
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Use: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobia Toxicity: less than TCAs; GI distress, sexual dysfunction: Serotonin Syndrome (with drugs that increase serotonin) - hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, seixures; treat with cyproheptadine |
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sertraline
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serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors
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Use: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobia Toxicity: less than TCAs; GI distress, sexual dysfunction: Serotonin Syndrome (with drugs that increase serotonin) - hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, seixures; treat with cyproheptadine |
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citalopram
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serotonin specific reuptake inhibitors
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Use: depression, OCD, bulimia, social phobia Toxicity: less than TCAs; GI distress, sexual dysfunction: Serotonin Syndrome (with drugs that increase serotonin) - hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, seixures; treat with cyproheptadine |
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Venlafaxine
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inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake
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Use: Depression, GAD Toxicity: increased BP, stimulant effects, sedation, nausea |
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duloxetine
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inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake, bigger effect on NE
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Use: Depression, diabeti peripheral neuropathy Toxicity: increased BP, stimulant effects, sedation, nausea |
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Phenelzine
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MAO inhibitor increases levels of NE, serotonin, and dopamine
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Use: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis Toxicity: hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion and with beta agonists; CNS stimulation, contradindicated with SSRIs or meperidine |
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tranylcypromine
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MAO inhibitor increases levels of NE, serotonin, and dopamine
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Use: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis Toxicity: hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion and with beta agonists; CNS stimulation, contradindicated with SSRIs or meperidine |
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isocarboxazid
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MAO inhibitor increases levels of NE, serotonin, and dopamine
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Use: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis Toxicity: hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion and with beta agonists; CNS stimulation, contradindicated with SSRIs or meperidine |
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selegiline
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MAO inhibitor increases levels of NE, serotonin, and dopamine; selective for MAO B
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Use: atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis Toxicity: hypertensive crisis with tyramine ingestion and with beta agonists; CNS stimulation, contradindicated with SSRIs or meperidine |
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Buproppion
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increase NE and dopamine
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Use: depression and smoking cessation Toxicity: stimulant effects, H/A, seizure in bulemic pts, NO sexual side effects |
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Mirtazapine
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alpha 2 antagonist (increase release of NE and serotonin and serotonin 2 and 3 antagonist
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Use: Dpression Toxicity: sedation, increased appetite, weight gain, dry mouth |
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Maprotiline
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blocks NE reuptake
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Use: Depression Toxicity: sedation, orthostatic hyotension |
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Trazodone
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primarily inhibits serotonin reuptake
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Use: insomnia, high doses needed for depression Toxicity: sedation, nausea, priapism, postural hypotension; male specific side effects |
