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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 3 characteristics of TYPE A personalities?
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(1) Competitiveness
(2) Impatient & a sense of urgency (3) Anger and hostility |
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Define: Coping
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Efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress
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What are some coping strategies of limited value?
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- Giving up
- Lashing out at others - Catharsis (emotional purging) - Self-Indulgence (may help, but can also get out of control) - Self-Blame - Negative Self-talk - Use of defense mechanisms - Self-delusion |
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What are some statistics about undergrad drinking?
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32% of undergrads have reported harmful drinking habits. Alcohol is a depressant that slows brain activity and decreases inhibitions
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What are some characteristics of Constructive Coping strategies?
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Healthful coping
- coping is NOT correlated with intelligence - coping is POSITIVELY correlated with mental and physical health |
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What are the keys to constructive coping?
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- taking problems on directly
- realistic primary and secondary appraisals - taking notice of and monitoring emotional reactions - managing dangerous habits |
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Appraisal-focused Constructive Coping:
Albert Ellis' Rational-Emotive Therapy |
The goal of this therapy is to alter irrational thinking patterns that usually result as an after effect of stress.
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Catastrophic thinking, in relation to Albert Ellis' Rational-Emotive Therapy is a result of what?
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- unrealistic appraisals
- irrational assumptions |
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How can Catastrophic or Irrational thinking be fixed?
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Detecting and disrupting the assumptions that support it
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What three sequence step does catastrophic or irrational thinking usually follow?
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(1) Activating event
(2) Belief system (3) Consequence |
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What are some very common irrational beliefs?
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- I must perform well at all endeavours
- Other people should always be respectful of me - Events should go the way I like |
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How does humor help in stressful situations?
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Laughter can release emotional tension, and moderate the impact of stress. It makes the primary appraisal more positive, increases positive emotions, and facilitates rewarding interactions.
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Define: Problem-Focused Constructive Coping
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The use of systematic problem solving:
- clarify the problem - find an alternative course of action - pick a course of action - take action but remain flexible |
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Why do people waste time?
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- don't prioritize
- don't stick to a schedule - can't say no - can't delegate - can't let things go - are perfectionists |
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What are some statistics on procrastination?
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- 20% of adults procrastinate
- negatively effects task performance - positively correlated with anxiety - negatively correlated with physical and mental health |
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Why do people procrastinate?
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- low-conscientiousness
- low self-efficacy - excessive perfectionism |
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Why is time management a helpful coping technique?
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Because it reduces stress
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Seeking help is part of what type of coping method?
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Problem-Focused Constructive Coping
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When do people use Emotion-Focused Coping?
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When you cannot change things
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Define: Emotional Intelligence
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The ability to understand your own and others emotions and to use this knowledge to guide your thinking and actions
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Hostility is a part of what type of coping method?
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Emotion-focused coping
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What are 3 steps to reduce hostility?
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(1) Recognize anger
(2) Decrease hostility by reinterpretation, distraction or self talk (3) Increase empathy, tolerance and forgiveness |
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Forgiveness is a part of what type of coping method?
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Emotion-focused coping
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When practicing Forgiveness, in relation to emotion-focused coping, what are the two factors?
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Forgiveness: requires overcoming hostile reactions
Vengefulness: is associated with rumination, negative emotion, and lower life satisfaction |
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Meditation is a part of what coping method?
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emotion-focused coping
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What are the two main types of mediation?
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(1) Mindfulness - emptying one's mind
(2) Concentration - focusing on images or mantras |
