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b/w costocartilage and ribs, a unique type of union, permits no motion (synarthrodial) |
Part A 1st-10th costochondral unions or junction |
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b/w clavicles and sternum, are synovial joints, permits a plane or gliding motion (diarthrodial) |
Part B sternoclavicular joints |
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B/w 1st rib and sternum, attaches directly to sternum, synarthrodial, cartilaginous class joint of the synchondrosis type |
Part C sternocostal joint |
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B/w 2nd-7th ribs and sternum, are synovial joints, slight gliding motion (diarthrodial) |
Part D 2nd-7th sternocostal joints |
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b/w anterior 6th-10th costal cartilages, synovial type joint, slight gliding motion (diarthrodial) |
Part E 6th-10th interchondral joints |
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B/w ribs and transverse processes of T vertebrae, synovial type joint, plane or gliding motion (diarthrodial) |
Part F 1st-10th costotransverse joints |
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b/w the heads of ribs and
T vertebrae, synovial type joint, plane/gliding motion (diarthrodial) |
Part G 1th-12th costovertebral joints |
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The bony thorax is the widest at the lateral margins of the ___ or ___ ribs |
8th or 9th |
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the main function is to serve as an expandable, bellowslike chamber, wherein the interior capacity expands & contracts during inspiration & expiration |
bony thorax |
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the bony thorax consists of the ______, _____,______. |
sternum (anteriorly),
thoracic vertebrae (posteriorly),
& 12 pairs of ribs |
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the upper portion of the sternum, averages 2 inches in length |
manubrium |
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the longest part of the sternum, averages 4 inches in length |
body |
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the most inferior portion of the sternum, does not become totally ossified until age 40 |
xiphoid process |
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each clavicle joins the manubrium lateral to the jugluar notch on each side is called |
sternoclavicular joint |
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Below each clavicular notch & sternoclavicular joint is a depression called |
facet |
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fractures are most commonly caused by trauma or underlying pathology |
rib fractures |
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this fracture of adjacent ribs in 2 or more places is caused by blunt trauma and is associated w/ underlying pulmonary injury. |
Flail chest fractures |
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Typically caused by blunt trauma, fractures are associated with underlying cardiac injury |
sternum fractures |
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this is a congenital defect characterized by anterior protrusion of the lower sternum. |
pectus carinatum
(pigeon chest) |
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Also referred to as funnel chest, this deformity is characterized by a depressed sternum |
pectus excavatum |
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malignant neoplasms spread to other parts of the body by way of the blood or lymphatic vessels |
metastases |
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destructive lesions w/ irregular margins and decreased density |
osteolytic |
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roliferative bony lesions of increased density |
osteoblastic |
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moth-eaten appearance of bone |
combination osteolytic & osteoblastic |
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erosion of bony margins, localized infection of bone & marrow can be associated w/ postoperative complications of open heart surgery |
osteomyelitis |
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the best way to demonstrate the above-diaphragm ribs is to |
-take the radiographs erect
-suspend respiration and expose on inspiration
-select a low kV (65-75) |
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the best way to demonstrate the below-diaphragm ribs is to |
-take radiographs recumbent
-suspend respiration & expose on expiration
-Select medium kV (75-85) |
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What is the name of the palpable junction b/w the upper and midportion of the sternum? |
sternal angle |
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which aspect of the sternum possesses the jugular notch? |
manubrium |
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What structures are found in the costal groove of each rib? |
nerve, artery, & vein |
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