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20 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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What is type I, II and III disk IVDD?
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type I: chondroid degeneration of nucleus pulposus that extrudes into vertebral canal (doxis)
Type II: annulus fibrosis bulges dorsally Type III: traumatic disc rupture |
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**IVDD is rare from ____-____ because of _____.
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T2-T10
Intercapital ligament is along |
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**What are 3 things to look for on a radiograph when you suspect IVDD?
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Narrowed:
Disc space Intervertebral foramen Articular joint -May see mineral opacity in vertebral canal |
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*What type of imaging is the best for examining IVDD?
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MRI
-CT myelogram is next best |
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**Why is it so important to always look for transitional vertebrae?
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Surgical planning
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*When will you see disc material when performing a CT of IVDD?
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If the disc material is mineralized
-Reserve for chondrodystrophic breeds |
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**What causes alanto-axial subluxation?
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Incomplete development/lack of:
-Dens of C2 OR -Alanto-axial ligament |
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**What is a wobbler (cervical vertebral instability)?
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Spinal cord compression that is static or dynamic
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**What are 4 causes of cervical vertebral instability (wobblers)?
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1) Mal-alignment of vertebrae (subluxation)
2) Hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum 3) Malformation of articular processes of joints 4) OCD of articular joints |
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*Is discospondylitis a benign or aggressive lesion?
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Aggressive
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*What is the radiographic evidence of discospondylitis?
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Lysis of end plates
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**What causes discospondylitis?
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#1 according to Nemanic- Urinary tract infections
#1 according to boards: staphylococcus aureus |
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**What is the clinical significance of spondylosis deformans?
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Incidental except may cause clinical signs at lumbosacral junction
-Proliferative no lysis |
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*True or false. Spondylosis deformans= discospondylitis.
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False, discospondylitis=aggressive, spondylosis= benign
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**What are the 6 causes of nerve root compression that causes cauda equina syndrome?
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1) LS dynamic instability
2) LS spondylosis 3) LS stenosis (congenital or acquired) 4) LS IVDD 5) OCD of cranial sacrum 6) Bony proliferation of LS intervertebral foramen |
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**What radiographic views do you want to take to diagnose cauda equine syndrome?
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Flexed and extended imaging
-Dynamic component |
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**How can you tell the difference b/w severe and moderate compression of the spinal cord?
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Severe compression: can't see the epidural fat
Moderate compression: can see epidural fat |
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**What 3 neoplasia metastasize to the vertebral column? What type of lesions are they?
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1) Prostatic
2) Mammary 3) Osteosarcoma -Extradural |
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*What are 2 multicentric neoplasms that affect the spinal cord?
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1) Lymphoma
2) Histiocytic sarcoma |
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**What is a neoplasia that affects the vertebrae?
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Multiple myeloma
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