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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rescue Ops. Bulletin #2
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First Response to Water and Ice Rescue Incidents
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Away from the oncoming flow.
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Downstream
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Towards the oncoming flow.
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Upstream
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The right hand bank of a moving body of water when looking downstream.
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River right
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The left hand bank of a moving body of water when looking downstream.
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River left
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A rapid rise of water due to heavy rain.
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Flash flood. Note – Flash floods carry a large amount of debris and pollute water.
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A phenomenon that can occur where water flows over an object in such a way that it can entrap a victim and re-circulate them again into a hazard.
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Hydraulic. Note – Rock Creek at Pierce Mill is an example of a low head dam that creates a hydraulic at high water.
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An object or group of objects in moving water that allow water to flow through them, but will catch a solid object.
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Strainer.
(Ex. Trees, debris, fences, etc.) |
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Persons positioned upstream of an incident to provide debris assessment and warn units downstream of floating debris that could effect safety.
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Upstream spotter
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Personnel positioned downstream on both banks, if possible, to act as safeties. This would include rescue of persons caught in downstream current and reporting of downstream hazards such as hydraulics, rocks, strainers, etc.
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Downstream back-up
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What is the standard “Water Rescue Assignment?”
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Closest Engine and Truck Co.
Two closest Rescue Squads with boats Special Ops BFC Haz-Mat Unit Fire Boat(s) and FB support unit Safety Officer One BLS (consider A-12, if available) One ALS EMS Supervisor (EMS 1-6, if available) |
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Under no circumstances will any member attempt to enter the water or travel across an ice formation unless the I.C. has:
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Been given an accurate size-up
Been advised of any intended actions Given approval for the above actions |
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All members operating within ten (10) feet of the edge of a body of water, or anywhere accidental entry is possible, members must:
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Wear a proper fitting PFD or Ice rescue suit
Will work in teams of at least two persons |
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Turnout gear/PPE, including firefighting helmets, will not be worn within ___________ of a body of water, even if the member is wearing a PFD, during a water and ice rescue incident.
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20 feet
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When is it ok to tie a rope to someone in swiftwater?
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Never
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What will the first arriving unit say on the assigned TAC channel or 02 Main after using the DEK system?
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Announce their arrival “On-the-scene”
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What would be included in the initial size-up and “Point Last Seen” for both water and ice rescues?
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Access points for fire boat and land units. Plan B also.
Utilize a “line of sight” to pin point where last seen Number of victims Age Time in water Type and color of clothes Swimming ability How victims entered water Water conditions |
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A hot/exclusionary zone shall extend at least _________ from the water’s edge into which only rescue personnel are allowed.
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20 feet
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What is a “ferry angle?”
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Swimming upstream with their body at a 45-degree angle to the current direction. This is a self rescue technique that should assist a victim in moving towards the shoreline.
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What is another self rescue technique for a victim who cannot swim?
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Have the victim roll onto their back with feet facing downstream.
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What are two (2) methods a rescuer may use to attempt to rescue victims without having to enter the water themselves?
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Reach – extend a ceiling hook, portable ladder, aerial ladder or other long object to the victim. Rescuer should lye on the ground while attempting this.
Throw – a throw bag line to the victim utilizing an under-hand throw aimed at the victim’s chest area |
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Up to how many feet is a throw bag effective?
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Up to sixty (60) feet
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Water temperature below 70 degrees F.
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Cold water immersion
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A generalized cooling of the body’s core temperature to below normal levels.
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Hypothermia
96 degrees – shivering 90 degrees – rigidity, dulled mental status 85 degrees – pulse & resp. slow; mental stupor 80 degrees – unconscious and death |
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A reflex that occurs when a human’s face is exposed to cold water.
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Mammalian diving reflex.
H.R. decreases up to 50%. Blood flow decreases to extremities and increases to vital organs. Blood shifts to the thoracic cavity to try to avoid a collapse of the lungs. This reflex may allow a victim to survive for longer periods of time than normally expected. |
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If a rescuer or victim doesn’t take preventative action such as covering their mouth and nose with one hand, and allows cold water to hit their face or nose; a gasp reflex occurs which allows cold water to be aspirated which may cause laryngospasm that can lead to respiratory arrest.
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Torso reflex
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How long should the “Rescue Mode” last at an ice or cold water incident?
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At least one (1) hour.
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