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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Oxygen inhaled through the lungs
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Passes to blood and carbon dioxide
Removed from the blood and exhaled into the air |
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Respiration
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Inhalation or inspiration
Exhalation or expiration |
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Respiratory system structures
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Nose and nasal cavity
Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs Pleural and mediastinal cavities |
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Nose, Nasal Cavities, and Paranasal Sinuses
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External nares
Cilia Nasal cavity Nasal septum Olfactory neurons Paranasal sinuses |
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pharynx- Nasopharynx
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Internal nares
Separated by nasal septum Eustachian tubes Adenoids and pharyngeal tonsils |
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pharynx- Oropharynx
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Palatine and lingual tonsils
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pharynx- Laryngopharynx
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Opens into the larynx and esophagus
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Larynx
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Adam’s apple
Epiglottis Vocal cords Glottis |
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Trachea
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Extends from the larynx to the bronchi
Lined with mucous membranes and cilia Mainly muscle fibers C-shaped cartilage |
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Bronchi
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Trachea divides into two primary bronchi
Secondary and tertiary bronchi Bronchioles |
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Lungs
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Top of lung is apex
Bottom of lung is base Right lung Left Lung Alveoli and alveolar ducts Pulmonary capillaries |
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Right Lung
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Three lobes
Superior, middle, and inferior |
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Left Lung
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Two lobes
Superior and inferior |
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Pleural cavity
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Surrounds the lungs
Parietal and visceral pleura Pleural fluid |
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Mediastinal cavity
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Lies between the lungs
Contains the heart, aorta, trachea, and esophagus |
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Bronchi/o; bronch/o
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bronchus
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Bronchiol/o
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bronchioles; small bronchi
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Alveol/o
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alveoli; air sacs
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Adenoid/o
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adenoids
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Lob/o
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lobe
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Mediastin/o
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mediastinum
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Muc/o
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mucus
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Pector/o
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chest
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Phren/o
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diaphragm
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Pleur/a; pleur/o
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pleura; pleural cavity
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Sinus/o
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sinuses
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Pneumon/o; pulmon/o; pneum/o
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lungs
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Pneumat/o
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air; respiration
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Spir/o
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breathing
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Steth/o; Thorac/o
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chest
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-graphy
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process of recording; producing images
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-phonia
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voice
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-pnea
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breathing
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-capnia
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carbon dioxide
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-sphyxia
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pulse
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-ptysis
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spitting
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-thorax
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chest
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Aging
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Costal cartilage hardens
Thoracic cage becomes rigid Elasticity of the lungs diminishes Respiratory muscles weaken Cilia less active Coughing reflex diminishes |
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Common Diseases
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Asthma
Emphysema Lung cancer Pneumonia |
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AP
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anteroposterior
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CXR
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chest X-ray
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IRV
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inspiratory reserve volume
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ERV
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expiratory reserve volume
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R
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respiration
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RV
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residual volume
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SOA
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shortness of air
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SOB
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shortness of breath
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PA
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posteroanterior
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PFT
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pulmonary function tests
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TV
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tidal volume
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URT
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upper respiratory tract
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URI
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upper respiratory infection
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LRI
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Lower respiratory infection
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T&A
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tonsillectomy & adenoidectomy (kids only)
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