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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define ventilation
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The movement of air in and out of the lungs
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Define gas exchange
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transfer of gases from the air in and out of the lungs and capillary blood
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Define Perfusion
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Flow of blood into pulmonary circulation
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Define Transport
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carrying of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood
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What do control mechanisms do?
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regulate the breathing pattern
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What is the conducting zone? What does it do? What supplies the conduction zone with blood?
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Conducting zone is the upper portionof the airway tree where branching is <17,before alveoli appear. It filters and removes particles, it also warms and humidifies inspired air. Bronchial circulation supplies it with blood.
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What is the respiratory system? What does it do? What supplies the respiratory zone with blood?
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The lower portion of the airway tree. The function is gas exchange. Blood is supplied by pulmonary circulation.
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Inspiration is an(active/passive) process while expiration is an (active/passive) process
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inspiration = active, expiration = passive
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What is the major muscle of inspiration?
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diaphragm
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What are the accessory mucles of inspiration and what is their function?
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External intercostal muscles - help elevate rib cage
sternocleidomastoid - further elevates rib cage |
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What muscles are involved in forceful expiration and what is their function?
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Internal intercostal muscles - compress the lungs
Abdominal wall - compress the lungs |
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What does the spirometer measure?
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Volume changes during breathing, volumes moved in and out of the lungs, timed or forced vital capacity, tidal volume
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What can'tbe directly measured by spirometry?
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1. residual volume
2. functional residual capacity |
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what does the tidal volume determine?
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the minute ventilation, which is the amount of air moved in and outof the lungs per unit time
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tidal volume x breathing rate = ???
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Minute ventilation
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(Tidal volume - dead space) x breathing rate = ???
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alveolar ventilation
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Define vital capacity
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is the maximum volume of air that a person can exhale after maximum inhalation. It can also be the maximum volume of air that a person can inhale after maximum exhalation.
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define functional residue capacity
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(FRC) is the volume of air present in the lungs at the end of passive expiration. At FRC, the elastic recoil forces of the lungs and chest wall are equal but opposite and there is no exertion by the diaphragm or other respiratory muscles.
FRC is the sum of Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) and Residual Volume (RV) |
