SAP Unit 3

A transaction that causes stock change.

They are both internal and external movements.

Distinguish b/w GR, GI, stock transfers and transfer postings.

Goods movement in which the receipt of goods from both ann external vender and from production is posted.

Leads to an increase of warehouse stock.

When it is posted a material and an accounting document are created.

The material document records informtation such as the material and quantity delivered. Storage location and associated plant are also recorded.

The accounting document records the effects the material movement has on the value of stock

1. The goods receiving department can check whether the delivery matches the order

2. Data from the PO is suggested

3. PO is automatically updated from delivery

A goods movement in which material withdrawal, goods issue, material consumption, or goods shipment is posted to a customer.

It leads to a decrease in warehouse stock.

The removal of materials from a particular storage location and placement into another storage location.

Can take place both within the same plant and between two plants.

A super ordinate term for stock transfers and changes the stock identification or qualification of material, regardless of whether the physical posting is linked to a physical movement or not.

Ex: The releasae of stock for quality inspection, the transfer posting from material to material, or the transfer of consignment material.

1. In the material master of the material in the purchasing and work scheduling tab. This ensures the posting everytime the material is procured.

2. In the reference document such as the PO. This ensures the quality inspection one time for that specific order

3. In the goods receipt in the where tab

1. Unrestricted-use stock
2. Stock in quality inspection
3. Blocked stock

Based on the stock type

How you eneter goods receipts against purchase and production orders

With material types without value updating

A static display of stocks where you can only view the current stock situation and can display the material stock at each organizational level.

The quantities of stock type are totaled for each organizational unit.

You can display the stock overview for batches/valuation type, and special stocks (such as consignment material)

Future planned goods receipts and goods issues

Return delivery to vendor

It plays a central role in automatic account determination. It determines which stock or financial accounts are updated in financial accounting as well as the structure of the screen when you enter documents and the updating of the quantity fields.

A transfer posting indicating a goods movement.

A transfer posting indicating the change in usability of a material.

This type of transfer posting can aslo be a physical goods movement to a different storage location.

You can only enter a movement within one plant and not between several plants.

Ex: Stock from quality inspection into un-restricted use

A material document and an accounting document which are indepenedent documents.

It consists of a document header and at least one item.

It records which quantity of which material is posted to which storage location of the associated plant at item level. in the header the posting date and name of the creator appears.

It can be identified by the material document number and the material document year.

It consists of a document header adn at least one item.

It records the effects of material movement on the accounts. The header contains the document date, posting date, posting period, and document currency. At item level the G/L account numbers and amount posted are displayed.

It can be identified by the company code, accounting document number, and the fiscal year.

Yes

Purchasing - The PO history is updated

Quality Management (if active) - an inspection lot is created

Warehouse Management (if active) - a transfer requirement is created along witht the goods being placed into the warehouse

Output may be generated such as the goods receipt slip or a pallet label.

The material master stock and stock values are updated.

Movement documentation are produced simultaneously (material and accounting documents).

Stock and consumption accounts are updated.

Creation of an inspection lot to trigger quality inspection.

A transfer requirement for warehouse management.

A GR slip hard copy.

Notification of goods receipt.

Update PO and PO history.

Invoice verification

Where invoices and credit memos are entered and checked for accuracy of the contents and prices.

Posting the invoice.

The PO history is updated and financial accounting can pay the open invoice item on teh vendor acccount with a credit.

1. Purchase-order based

2. Goods-receipt based

A PO, GR, or delivery note.

You can settle all items irrespective of whether there have been partial deliveries.

You use the goods receipt as the basis of the invoice entry.

Invoices for quantities greater than the goods receipt cannot be posted.

Set this type of verification in the PO.

When an invoice posts an accounting document is created and the individual items are posted to the corresponding accounts.

The provisons in the GR/IR (created by the goods receipt) account are reversed. So the system debits the GR/IR account and credits the vendor account.

The invoice document is entered in the PO history.

If the invoice and PO prices vary, the stock price and the current moving avergae price is recalculated and updated in the material master, for a mterial valuated with moving avergae price.

1. If theres a price variance between the invoice and PO the material master is updated.

2. The PO history is updated.

3. An accounting document listing the account effects will be created.

Manually by an outgoing payment document entry or automatically by mean of a payment program.

1. Select payment method and bank.

2. Select items for payment.

3. Calculate the payment amount taking account of cash discount periods.

4. Post the payment document.

5. Print payment medium.

Financial accounting
Manufacturing
Sales order management
Plant maintenance
Production planning
Management accounting
Human capital management

Purchasing maintains data on the vendors that are defined in the system jointly with finance so vendor information is stored in a vendor master record that contains both accounting and procurement information. The vendor master record represents the creditor account in finance.

In terms of materials planning, a sales area requirement can be sent to purchasing.

When a PO is created it can be directly assigned to a sales order.

As a sales order is entered you can initiate a dynamic availability check of on hand stock.

They are linked through inventory needs. Inventory management is responsible for the staging of components required for production.

They are linked by the BOM.

You can post a GR with reference to an equipment BOM. You can also withdraw parts for maintenance orders.

Serial numbers are activated in materials management but used within the plant maintenance system.

The inventory management system can be extended by the Warehouse Management System. While inventory management manages the stock quantity and value, WMS handles and monitors storage.

Evaluate the document information that has been created through enterprisewise transactions. Additionally, analyses of master data can be run as well.

By using the scope-of-list and selection parameters.

Which data is displayed for a selected document (which lines appear in your report).

can be used to determine whether PO history is displayed and whether or not the list is outputted with ALV Grid Control.

Which purchasing documents are analyzed by the report.

General analyses, the purchase order value analysis, and goods receipt forecast reports.

Standardize and simplify the handling of lists in SAP systems.

No. It can also be used in other transactions like PR's.

Using the layout (display variant).

1. Uniform design of all lists and tables.

2. Cross-application, standardized function with uniform icons

3. Simple creation and changing of layouts (display variants).

1. Choose detail

2. Set filter

3. Sort - in ascending or descending order.

4. Add values - totals on both value and quantity columns.

5. Create subtotals - for selected columns without value or quantity columns and for column with quantity or value columns already totaled.

6. Layout

1. SIS: Sales Information system

2. PURCHIS: Purchasing Information System

3. INVCO: Inventory Controlling

4. TIS: Transportation Information System

5. SFIS: Shop Floor Information System

6. QMIS: Quality Management Information System

7. PMIS: Plant Maintenance Information System

The special statistic tables which contain transactional data from the different applications.

This data is constantly collected and updated by the system.

Information Structures

Characteristics, a period unit and key figures

Criteria which you specify to collect datat on a certain subject such as vendor or customer. Organizational elements can also be considered a characteristic.

Data for a particular period.

Ex: day, week, month, or posting period

A performance measure that is updated for each characteristic combination and periodicity. They are quantitative magnitudes providing information on measurable facts. They can also be simple figures like counters.

A wide range of functions for creating presentations and analyses for the data basis in the LIS.

When you determine an object to analyze and make selections

1. ABC analysis
2. Classification
3. Segmentation
4. Plan/actual computations
5. Cumulative frequency curve
6. Correlation
7. Time series

The way in which data should be combined in an individual report procurement.

Combine characteristics and key figures from different information structures in one list.

Use your own formulas to calculate new key figures from existing ones.

Choose between a variety of layouts.

Client
Company code
Plant
Storage location
Purchasing organization

Purchasing group is listed at the front of unit 3 but ommitted from an answer on apge 57.

The differentiation of material stocks within a plant.

They are independent organizational units with separate inventory management.

You can use the same storage location number in more than one plant.

To negotiate the general conditions of purchase for one or more plants or companies.

It is also legally responsible for completing purchasing contracts.

Pricing conditions are set at this level and it can procure for more than one plant.

A purchasin organization that is responsible for procuring materials for only one plant.

The purchasing organization is assigned to the comapny code in configuration!

A purchasing organization that procures material and services for all plants belonging to the company code.

Purchasing organization is assigned to the company code in configuration!

A purchasing organization that purchases for all company codes.

To have this you cannot assign a company code to teh purcahsing organization in customizing.

In this case you will be prompted for company code for all PO's.

The main source of all material specific data.

It is used by all logistic modules and subdivided into functions (grouped by user departments).

1. General data
2. Accounting data
3. Purchasing data - managed separately for each purchasing organization

Contain concise information on a vendor and the material you procure from this vendor.

Stores and maintains:
-Current/future price conditions
-Delivery data
-Vendor data
-Texts

Can be referenced int he plannign process to pre-determine vendor specific information.

Are used in purcahse orders to determine price

Used in purchasing and apply to:
-Contract release orders created with reference to a contract
-The purchasing info records of all PO items that contain the material and the vendor within the purchasing info record

Are more flexible than info records and contracts and define vendor discounts or include material discounts for a material type.

Only one.

1. Requirement determination
2. Determination of source of supply
3. Vendor selection
4. Order processing
PO
5. PO monitoring
6. GR
7. Invoice verification
8. Payment processing

Manually via the purchasing department PR or automatically through MRP generation

An internal document to request the purchasing department to procure a particular quantity of a material or service.

It can be carried out manually by the department that needs materials or automatically by MRP.

Purchasing converts this request into and RFQ or PO but to convert into a PO a source of supply must be defined.

Materials or services that are procured specifically for an account assignment object.

Its value is recorded in the cost element or asset accounts.

It does not require a material master record but if it does have one there will be no value based inventory management of the material and consumption is automatically updated in the material master record.

1. without material master record
2. With material master record and that is not subject to inventory management.
3. With material master record that is subject to inventory management on a quantity but not value basis

It determines which category of account assignment is to be debited and which account assignment data you have to pre-pare.

1. Account assignment category (depending on which one you may have to enter a cost center or an asset number)
2. Short text
3. Material group
4. Order unit

Material type non-stack (NLAG): quantity and value are not updated.

Material type non-valuated (UNBW): quantity upated but value is not updated

A formal request to a vendor to supply goods/services under stated conditions.

It produces a material and invoice document.

1. Without reference
2. PO reference
3. PR reference
4. Quotation reference
5. Contract reference

It defines the process used to procure a material or service.

1. Standard - external procurement
2. Subcontracting - finished product ordered from vendor
3. Consignment - liability arises when a material is drawn from stock, not when placed in consignment
4. Stock transport orders - plant-to-plant
5. Third party order - Material ordered from vendor is delivered to third party.