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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Activation Energy
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The minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to take place
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Atomic Number
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number of protons in the nucleaus of one atom of an element
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Atomic Mass
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This is the smallest unit of mass we use in chemistry
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Catalyst
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A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up by the reaction
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Chemical Bond
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force of attraction that holds together atoms in a compound
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Chemical Equation
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a way of writing changes in the arrangement of atoms during a chemical reaction, using chemical symbols
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Chemical Formula
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a way of describing the number of atoms that make up one molecule of a compound
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Chemical Reaction
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change that takes place when two or more substances (reactants) interact to form new substances (products)
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Compound
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a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
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Concentration
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A measurement of the amount of stuff (solute) dissolved in a liquid (solvent).
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Conservation of Mass
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A principle in classical physics stating that the total mass of an isolated system is unchanged by interaction of its parts.
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Covalent Bond
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A chemical bond formed when two atoms share two electrons
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Cross-linking
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To join (adjacent chains of a polymer or protein) by creating covalent bonds.A chemical bond or link created by cross-linking.
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Double Bond
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A covalent bond in which two electron pairs are shared between two atoms.
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Electron Cloud
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in the electron cloud model of the atom, region around the nucleus where an electron may be found
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Electron Dot Diagram
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way of using dots to show arrangement of outer-most electrons in atoms; also used to show bonds between atoms
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Endothermic Reaction
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a chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed
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Energy Level
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the amount of energy carried by an electron in an atom; determins the electron's average distance from the nucleus
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Enzyme
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a protein in the body that helps control a chemical reaction, such as digestion
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Exothermic Reaction
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chemical reaction in which energy is given off, usually as thermal energy
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Inhibitor
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A substance that slows down a chemical reaction
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Ion
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An atom or a group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.
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Ionic Bond
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A bond formed when charge particles stick together.
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Isotope
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When an element has more than one possibility for the number of neutrons, these are called isotopes. All known elements possess isotopes
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Metallic Bond
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The chemical bond characteristic of metals, in which mobile valence electrons are shared among atoms in a usually stable crystalline structure
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Molecule
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The smallest particle of a substance that retains the chemical and physical properties of the substance and is composed of two or more atoms
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Monomer
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A molecule that can combine with others to form a polymer
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Natural Polymer
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Any of numerous natural compounds of usually high molecular weight consisting of up to millions of repeated linked units, each a relatively light and simple molecule
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Neutron
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A neutral charged subatomic particle. It does not contain a positive or negative charge
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Nonpolar Bond
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Type of chemical bond which has no positive or negative ends
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Nucleus
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positive charge center
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Opaque
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Impenetrable by a form of radiant energy other than visible light
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Periodic Table
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The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements by increasing atomic number which displays the elements so that one may see trends in their properties
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pH
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pH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration
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Polar Bond
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A covalent bond where one atom tries to grab the electrons from the other one
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Polymer
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A large molecule made up of chains or rings of linked monomer units. Polymers usually have high melting and boiling points
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Polymerization
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The bonding of two or more monomers to form a polymer.A chemical process that effects this bonding
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Precipitate
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to form an insoluble compound either by reacting two salts or by changing the temperature to affect the solubility of the compound
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Product
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The thing you make in a chemical reaction
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Proton
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A component of an atomic nucleus with a mass defined as 1 and a charge of +1
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Rate of Reaction
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how fast or slow a reaction takes place
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Reactant
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A substance participating in a chemical reaction, especially a directly reacting substance present at the initiation of the reaction
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Saturated
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To cause (a substance) to unite with the greatest possible amount of another substance
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Solute
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A substance dissolved in another substance, usually the component of a solution present in the lesser amount
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Solution
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A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases, or a combination of these
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Solvent
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A substance in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution
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Striation
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a poor resist coat caused by separation of the chemical compounds
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Substance
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That which has mass and occupies space; matter
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Synthetic Polymer
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A polymer that is chemically manufactured from separate materials by human intervention
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Thermoplastic
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Becoming soft when heated and hard when cooled
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Translucent
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Clear
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Transparent
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So fine in texture that it can be seen through; sheer
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Viscous
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Having relatively high resistance to flow
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