SCHWARTZ REVIEW

The largest muscle mass of the back, forming a prominent bulge on either side of the vertebral column. The chief extensor of the vertebral column. Important in controlling flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation of the vertebral column and in maintaining the lumbar curve. Consists of 3 groups: ilocostalis (lateral)(postural muscles), longissimus (intermediate)(active extension), and spinalis (medial)(neck & cervical spine extension) .

O: Arises w/ Semispinalis Capitis
I: Occipital bone
A: Extend vertebral column
N: cervical, thoracis & lumbar nerves

O: Ligamentum nuchae & spinous process of 7th cervical vertebra
I: Spinous process of axis
A: Extend vertebral column
N: cervical, thoracis & lumbar nerves

O: Spinous processes of superior lumbar & inferior thoracic vertebrae
I: Spinous process of superior thoracic vertebrae
A: Extend vertebral column
N: cervical, thoracis & lumbar nerves

O: Transverse processes of superior 4 thoracic vertebrae & articular processes of inferior 4 cervical vertibrae
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone
A: extend head;rotate head to same side as contracting muscle
N: cervical, thoracic & lumbar nerves

O: Transverse processes of 4th & 5th thoracic vertebrae
I: Transverse processes of 2nd to 6th cervical vertebrae
A: Extend & laterally flex vertebral column
N: cervical, thoracic & lumbar nerves

O: Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
I: Transverse processes of all thoracic & superior lumbar vertebrae & 9th and 10th vertebrae
A: Extend & Laterally flex vertebral column
N: cervical, thoracic & lumbar nerves

O: Sternum & clavicle
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone
A: Flex cervical portion of vertebral column, extend head, elevate sternum during force inhalation; laterally flex & rotate head
N:CN XI (accessory nerve)

O: Muscle fibers surrounding opening of mouth
I: Skin at corner of mouth
A: Closes & protrudes lips, compresses lips against teeth, shapes lips during speech
N: CN VII (facial nerve)

O: Medial wall of orbit
I: Circular path around orbit
A: Closes eye
N: CN VII (facial nerve)

O: Superior to infraorbital foramen of maxilla
I: Skin at angle of mouth & orbicularis oris
A: Raises upper lip
N: CN VII (facial nerve)

O: Mandible
I: Skin of lower lip
A: Depresses (lowers) lower lip
N: CN VII (facial nerve)

O: Roof of orbit (lesser wing of sphenoid bone
I: Skin of upper eyelid
A: Evelvates upper eyelid (opens eye)
N: CN III (oculomotor nerve)

O: Medial end of superciliary arch of frontal bone
I: Skin of eyebrow
A: Draws eyebrow inferiorly and wrinkles skin of forehead vertically as in frowning
N: CN VII (facial nerve)

O: Fascia over parotid (salivary) gland
I: Skin at angle of mouth
A: Draws angle of mouth laterally, as in tenseness
N: CN VII (fascial nerve)

O:Medial epicondyle of humerus, coronoid process of ulna, and ridge along lateral margin of anterior surface of radius
I: Middle phalanx of each finger
A: Flexes middle phalanx of each finger at proximal interphalangeal joint, proximal phalanx of each finger at metacarpophalngeal joint, and hand at wrist joint.
N: Median Nerve

O:Anterior medial surface of body of ulna
I: Base of distal phalanx of each finger
A: Flexes disal & Middle phalanges of each finger at interphalangeal joints, proximal phalanx of each finger at metacarpophalangeal joint, and hand at wrist joint.
N: Median & Ulnar Nerves

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Third metacarpal
A: Extends & abducts hand at wrist joint
N: Radial Nerve

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Second metacarpal
A; Extends & abducts hand at wrist joint
N: Radial Nerve

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus & posterior border of ulna
I: 5th metacarpal
A: Extends & adducts hand at wrist joint
N: Deep Radial Nerve

O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Distal & middle phalanges of each finger
A: Extends distal & middle phalanges of each finger at interphalangeal joints, proximal phalanx of each finger at metacarpophalangeal joint, & hand at wrist joint.
N: Radial Nerve

O:Superior 6 ribs
I: Transverse processes of 4th to 6th cervical vertebrae
A: Extend & maintain erect posture of vertebral column, along with thoracic & lumbar ilocostalis; alone, laterally flexes vertebral colum of respective region.
N:Cervical & thoracic nerves

O: Inferior 6 ribs
I: Superior 6 ribs
A: Extend & maintain erect posture of vertebral column, along with thoracic & lumbar ilocostalis; alone, laterally flexes vertebral colum of respective region.
N: Thoracic nerves

O: Iliac Crest
I: Inferior 6 ribs
A: Extend & maintain erect posture of vertebral column, along with thoracic & lumbar ilocostalis; alone, laterally flexes vertebral colum of respective region.
N: Lumbar nerves