SED test 3

physical symptoms, when you hear a gunshot and come back home to hear a loud noise, you react the same way you did with the gunshot

individuals whose social behaviors are atypical, often regarded as chronic social offenders

program designed to teach problem-solving skills along with strategies for negotiation and meditation

a coordinated interagnecy effort at providing supports and services to a student and his or her family in the natural environment, ex. school, home, community

a philosophy of working with families that stresses family strengths and capabilities, the enhancement of skills and the development of mutual partnerships between service providers and families

occurs in many settings, is habitual, and is part of the individual's behavior pattern

periods in anyone's lives that are characterized by conflict, crisis, depression, stress, and ineffective decision making; resulting acting0out behavior may disappear altogether after enough to to grieve has passed

children appear to be socially competent, excellent problem-solving skills, autonomous (strong identity and are able to act independently), develop clear goals and high aspirations

assumes that behavior is a function of environmental events; maladaptive behaviors are thought to be learned and maintained by environment, seeks to establish a replicable cause-effect relationship; use systematic observations and data collection procedures

an individual with autism who possesses special skills in areas such as mathematical calculations, memory feats, artisitc and musical abilities, or reading

freudian perspective tat if basic psychological bonds are not established between the parent and the child, the child will not be able to establish relationships with others and will fail to progress, individual psychotherapy recommended as the treatment of choice

an etiology that can be linked to a physiological deficit

the child with autism was not conditioned properly by his or her parents

application of learning principles derived from parent conditioning, used to increase or decrease specific behaviors

a hypothesis that attempts to explain the inability of the individual with autism to realize that other people have their own unique viewpoint about the world, different thoughts plans, and perspectives from their own

self-advocacy efforts by an individual with a disability, expression of desire to live one's own life according to one's own wishes, assuming personal control over one's life

symbols, aids, strategies, and techniques used as a supplement or alternation to oral language

device that can be programmed to produce speech

pictures that are grouped together by topic (how to get dressed, wash hands, or arranged as a discussion

the expression of language via sounds, the oral modality for language

a code used to communicate ideas via a conventional system of arbitrary signals

the sound system of language, including the use of sounds to create meaningful syllables and words

dictates how the smallest meaningful units of language (morphemes) are combined to form words

a series of linguistic rules that determine word order and combinations to forms sentences and how such word order is used in the communication process

a psycholinguistic system that involves word meanings and word relationships and their use in communication

a sociolinguistic system involving the use of communication skills in social contexts

the sharing or exchange of ideas, information, thoughts, and feelings, does not necessarily require speech or language

the formation of production of language, verbal and nonverbal, that is understood by and meaningful to others

the ability to understand what is meant by spoken communication

communicative behaviors used by children before the formation of formal speech and language characteristics

inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors; inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships; inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances, general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression; tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with personal or school problems

many have argued that the federal definition does not consider social maladjustment

externalizing: (under controlled), aggressiveness, temper tantrums, acting out, noncompliant behaviors, disturbing others
internalizing: (over controlled), social withdrawal, depression, compulsions, anxiety

withdrawn, quiet, few friends, changes in behavior, increased failure or restrain, recent family changes, recent loss of someone close, feelings of despair and hopelessness

regular classroom

primary prevention: reduce the number of new cases of problem behavior, universal interventions (school wide, classroom)
secondary prevention: designed to minimize the possibility that students at high risk will engage in misbehavior, specialize group interventions (at-risk support groups)
tertiary prevention: intervention designed for individual student behavior, specialized interventions (individual student system)

medical evaluation, observation in natural settings, parent/teacher/student rating scales, examination of student records, interviews with student/parent/teachers

a behavioral strategy that seeks to determine the purpose or function that a particular disorder serves, what is occasioning and maintaining the behaviors

Leo Kanner

to escape from reality

separate classroom

residential care, employment options

lifelong care for the child, confusion, anger, frustration, trying to find appropriate educational placement

augmentative or alternation communication (AAC): symbols, aids, strategies, and techniques used as a supplement or alternative to oral language
voice output communication aid (VOCA): device that can be programmed to produce speech
picture exchange communication system (PECS): pictures that are group together by topic

approximately 20% of children receiving special education services are receiving services for speech/language impairments as well

learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disabilities, traumatic brain injury/ regular classroom

linguistic and nonlinguistic

speech is the expression of language with sounds whereas language is a "rule-based method of communication involving the comprehension and use of signs and symbols by which ideas are represented"

speech: articulation disorder, fluency disorder (stuttering, cluttering), voice disorders, resonance disorders
language: phonological disorders, apraxia of speech, morphological disorder, syntactical disorder, semantic disorder, pragmatic disorder

a neurological disorder that results from impairment of the capacity to select, program, or execute the positioning of the speech muscles to produce speech sounds

expressive: limited vocab, incorrect grammar or syntax, excessive repetition of information, difficulty in formulating questions
receptive: following oral directions, understanding humor or figurative language, comprehending compound and complex sentences, responding to questions appropriately

two causes are functional and organic/congenital:existing at birth, developmental: emerge during preschool years, acquired: disease, injury, environmental

recognized as an organic etiology, results from the failure of the bone and palate tissue to correctly fuse during early weeks of fetal development

developmental disorders emerge during preschool years whereas acquired disorders usually result of injury, disease, or environment

augmentative or alternative communication is symbols, aids, strategies and techniques used to enhance the communication process

central auditory processing disorder, a problem in the processing of sound not attributed to hearing loss or intellectual capacity, involving cognitive and linguistic functions that directly affect receptive communication skills