Semester 1 AHS 101 Week 14/2 Genitourinary System Flash Cards

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Title:	Semester 1 AHS 101 Week 14/2 Genitourinary System
Description:	Genitourinary
Number of Cards:	28
Save Count:	0
Author:	bboguslaw7
Created:	2008-12-03
Tags:	101 ahs
Private	No

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- Question
- Answer
- Side 3

- Genitourinary System
- Reproductive and urinary organs of both sexes
- Urinary System
- Composed of organs that produce and excrete the waste substance urine from the body
- Urinary System
  
  Organs
- Kidneys
  Ureters
  Urinary bladder
  Urethra
- Urinary System
  
  Organs - Kidneys
- Nephro-
  Reno-
  Shaped like a bean
  Nephrology - study of kidney
  Parts:
  Hilum - nothch or depresswion on inner border
  Cortex - outer layer of the kidney
  Medulla - Inner layer of the kidney
  Pelvis - upper end of ureter that opens to a basin like cavity central collecting region of kidney
- Urinary System
  
  Organs - Kidneys - Function
- Functional unit is the nephron
  Functions:
  Filter waste materials from the blood
  Excrete wastes in urine
  Reabsorb essential substances and return them to the blood
  Maintain fluid, electrolyte, and pH babalnce 9homeostasis)
- Urinary System
  
  Organs - Ureters
- UreteroExtend from renal pelvis to bladder
  Urine passes down ureters by peristalsis and enters the bladder
  Muscular tubes that come down from kidney
- Urinary System
  
  Organs - Urinary Bladder
- Cysto-
  Plastic smooth muscle that acts as a reservoir for urine until it is eliminated from the body
- Urinary System
  
  Organs - Urethra
- Urethral
  Canal that carries urine from the bladder to the exterior
  External opening is called the meatus
- Urinary System
  
  Organs - Urethral Opening
- Urinary meatus
  Opening that urine passes out of
- Urology
- Medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the urinary system in the male and the genitourinary system in the male
- Urination
- Also called voiding or micturition
- Diagnostic Tests
- Urinanalysis - analyzing the urine for:
  color
  clarity
  pH
  specific gravity
  microscopic analysis
- Diagnostic Tests
  
  Others
- Urine culture - check for organisms in a sample of urine
  Catheterization - remove urine from the bladder through a catheter (tube)
  Blood tests - rough indicators of kidney function
  Blood urea nitrogen (BUN
  Creatinine
  Renal biopsy - take a piece of tissue from kidney
  Cystogram - xray of bladder after ingestion of a dye (contrasts medium)
  Pyelogram
  Intravenous (IVP) - xray also
  Retrograde
  Cystoscope
  Intake and output - measure fluid
- Polyuria
- Excessive discharge of urine
  
  See with infections (UTI - urinary tract infections), diuretics, nephritis, nephrosclerosis
- Diuresis
- Increased formation and secretion of urine
- Dysuria
- Difficuolty urinating
- Nocturia
- Excessive urination at night
- Hematuria
- Blood in urine
- Oliguria
- ?
- Anuria
- Without urine or cessation of urine
- Pyuria
- Pus in urine
- Enuresis
- Involuntary discharge of urine
- Nephritis
- Inflammation of kidney
- Pyelonephritis
- Inflammation of the pelvis and kidney
- Nephrosclerosis
- Hardening of kidney
- Nephroptosis
- Dropped or downward displacement of the kidney
- Nephromegaly
- Enlargement
- Nephroma
- Tumor