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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do the senses help us do?
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interpret and interact with our environment in a meaningful way
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At what stage of development are sennses at their peak?
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early adulthood
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At what stage of development can we differentiate between sounds?
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infant
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What is the leading cause of blindness among adults aged 20-74?
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diabetic retinopathy
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In early childhood, what are 2 common causes of temporary hearing loss?
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cerumen impaction
frequent ear infections |
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What 2 medications can become ototoxic if taken for a long period of time and impair function of the auditory nerve?
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aspirin
furosemide (Lasix) |
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What are the two most common sensory alterations associated with aging?
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impaired hearing
impaired vision |
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The point at which a person perceives a stimulus as painful.
a) pain tolerance b) pain threshold c) pain sensation |
b) pain threshold
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The amount of pain a person is willing to endure.
a) pain tolerance b) pain threshold c) maximal pain state |
a) pain tolerance
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How often does the American Pain Society suggest assessing pain?
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whenever you take a full set of vital signs
(fifth vital sign) |
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Acute pain is characterized by CV increases (fight or flight) and activated by the _________ nervous system.
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sympathetic
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Chronic pain is characterized by CV decreases and activated by the _________ nervous system.
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parasympathetic
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How does a person's adaptation to pain affect their vital signs?
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Their vital signs will stabilize might not reflect that they are in pain.
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Name 3 behavioral signs of pain.
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clenched teeth
grimace blank expression immobilization of a body part purposeless body movements rhythmic body movements rubbing a body part talking with an elevated pitch or at a fast speed slow, monotonous speech |
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Name 2 concommitant symptoms associated with pain.
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nausea
blurred vision dizziness |
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A client who has impaired sensory reception or who has impaired mobility may be at risk for ___________.
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sensory deprivation
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A client who has been separated from loved ones and experiences much environmental stimulation from the IV pump alarms, etc. is at risk for ________.
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sensory overload
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The loss of the sense of smell commonly causes _______.
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a loss of taste
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The loss of the sense of smell.
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anosmia
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What areas of the body have the greatest number of tactile receptors?
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the hands & face
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A client with kinesthetic defects is at most risk for _______.
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falls
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Give 3 safety measures that can be used with a client who has visual impairment.
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place eyeglasses w/in reach
provide sufficient light provide sunglasses, visors, or hats w/brims when in sunlight provide a magnifying lens or large print books do not use throw rugs keep spaces uncluttered do not rearrange furniture |
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Identify 2 safety measures that may be used with clients with hearing impairment in the hospital.
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keep background noise to a minimum
keep call bell within easy reach |
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Identify 2 health/safety measures that can be used with clients with tactile impairments.
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use bath thermometer
change positions frequently use properly fitting shoes daily inspect skin for open areas, cuts, abrasions, and areas of redness |
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Identify 2 health/safety measures that can be used with clients with gustatory impairments.
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frequent oral hygiene
visually appealing foods, plates, table use spices liberally vary food texture, color, and temperature |
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Deafness where the structure that transmits vibrations is affected (infection or punctured eardrum).
a)conduction b)nerve c)central |
a)conduction
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Deafness due to damage of the cranial nerve VIII or the receptors of the cochlea.
a)conduction b)nerve c)central |
b)central
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Deafness as a result of damage to the auditory areas in the temporal lobes.
a)conduction b)nerve c)central |
c)central
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Depression, confusion, delusions, and hallucinations are signs of:
a)sensory overload b)sensory deprivation |
b)sensory deprivation
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Muscle tension, drowsiness, anxiety, inability to concentrate, and restlessness are signs of:
a) sensory overload b) sensory deprivation |
a) sensory overload
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Nearsightedness
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myopia
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farsightedness
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hyperopia
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less able to focus on near objects (associated with aging)
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presbyopia
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blurred vision w/ distortion due to irregular curvature of the cornea
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astigmatism
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crossed eyes
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strabismus
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The ability to interpret the impulses transmitted from the receptors and to give meaning to the stimuli.
a)reception b)perception c)reaction |
b)perception
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The process of receiving stimuli from nerve endings in the skin and body.
a)reception b)perception c)reaction |
a)reception
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The awake & alertness of the CNS.
a)reception b)perception c)reaction |
c)reaction
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loss of high frequency tones associated with aging
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presbycusis
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Why is the sense of smell decreased with aging?
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atrophy of the olfactory bulb
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What does the reticular activating system (RAS) do?
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controls consciousness and alertness
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clouding of the lens, resulting in blurred vision
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cataracts
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increased pressure in the eye, distorting the shape of the cornea; may lead to blindness
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glaucoma
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loss of central vision due to damage to the central portion of the retina
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macular generation
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What is the leading cause of visual impairment in the U.S. in people older than 50?
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macular generation
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What is the hearing problem in which the hairs of the cochlea deteriorate, leading to decreased ability to hear high-pitched sounds?
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presbycusis
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ringing in the ears
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tinnitis
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hardening of the bones in the middle ear
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otosclerosis
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middle ear infection
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otitis media
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excessively dry mouth
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xerostomia
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List 5 medications that can lead to taste disturbances.
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antibiotics
anticonvulsants antihystamines/decongestants antihypertensives chemotherapy agents lithium carbonate antipsychotics antidepressants statins muscle relaxants |
