SHB Concurrent 1

fear, anxiety, panic

emotions, impulses
obsessions, compulsions
fatigue, ruminations
attention, concentration
worry, pain, negative symptoms, guilt, suicidality

delusions
pleasure, libido
euphoria, reward
motivation, hallucination

motor

pain
alertness
sensory relay to and from cortex (think Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic-Cortical (CSTC) Loop)

(Bowlby's attachment theory)
baby orients to any caregiver. birth - 8/10 weeks.

(Bowlby's attachment theory)
baby is attached to one or more preferred caregivers. 8/10 wks - 6 months. uses attachment behaviors (crying, smiling, cooing) to keep attachment figures close to protect and nurture them

(Bowlby's attachment theory)
baby becomes distressed when separated from preferred attachment figure. 6 months - end of life

1. normal autistic phase (birth - 4wks)

2. normal symbiotic phase (4 wks - 5 months)

3. differentiation (5-10 months)

4. practicing (10-16 months)

5. rapprochement (16-24 months)

6. consolidation and object constancy (24-36 months)

when babies have stranger anxiety

(5-10 months, most prominent around 8 months)

when separation anxiety normally occurs

(10-16 months)
(contrast with Bowlby's "clear-cut attachment" at post-6months)

"the ability to fit an experience with an existing cognitive structure"

(Piaget's cognitive development theory)

"the process of adapting the existing cognitive structures to new experiences"

e.g. : boy recognizing that an object out of reach can be reached by using another object

(Piaget's cognitive development theory)

1. sensorimotor (birth - 2yrs)

2. preoperational thought (3-6)

3. concrete operations (7-10)

4. formal operations (11 and above)

oral (birth - 1)

anal (1-3)

phallic (3-5)

latency (5-11)

genital (11 - on)

persistent adverse experiences in early childhood --> epigenetic transformation --> behavior change

links neurobiology and environment; explains how child's environment influences development (think Bowlby and Erikson)

Moro reflex (infant feels like it's falling)

Palmar grasp reflex

Babinski's sign (press on palms --> opens mouth)

Sucking reflex

smile reflex, stranger anxiety, separation anxiety, development of object permanence

Freud: oral phase
Erickson: basic trust vs. mistrust
Piaget: sensorimotor stage
Bowlby: development of secure attachment

use of transitional object as an intermediate step in developing independence from caregiver

Freud: anal phase
Erickson: autonomy vs. shame and doubt
Piaget: end of sensoritmotor stage and beginning of preoperational stage (emergence of symbolic play and magical thinking)

shift from parallel play to cooperative play

Freud: phallic phase with development of potential oedipal dynamics
Erickson: initiative vs. guilt
Piaget: continued preoperational stage
Mahler: rapprochement phase

ADHD may be recognized at this time

Freud: latency phase
Erickson: industry vs. inferiority
Piaget: shift from preoperational stage to concrete operations, INCLUDING: reasoning/thinking skills, an understanding of conservation (quantity remains unchanged despite shape changes)

the understanding that quantity remains unchanged despite shape changes

(per Piaget - shift from preoperational stage to concrete operations, at school age 5-12)

early adolescence (11-14): sensitivity to the opinions of peers, new level of body awareness

middle adolescence (14-17): growing independence from the family and increasing influence from the peer group

late adolescence (17-20): "crystallization of a stable identity"

Freud: genital phase
Erickson: identity vs. role diffusion
Piaget: formal operations (abstract concepts, use logic and deductive reasoning)

skills and behaviors that must be acquired during a certain period or they will not be acquired at all

skills and behaviors that can be acquired most efficiently during a certain age range, but which can also be acquired later

the ability to reflect on one's own and another's thoughts and feelings

take home: human traits can be molded, yet people maintain a certain durability of identity

individual success is dependent upon levels of success in previous stages/transitions