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16 Cards in this Set

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Bugs that do NOT stain well
These Rascals May Microscopically Lack Color

Treponema pallidum (too thin)

Rickettsia (intracellular)

Mycobacterium (high-lipid-content cell wall... acid fast... contains mycolic acid)

Mycoplasma (no cell wall... cell membrane contains sterols)

Legionella pheumophilia (primarily intracellular)

Chlamydia (intracellular parasites... lacks muramic acid in cell wall)
Giemsa stains what bugs?
Borrelia
Plasmodium
trypanosomes
Chlamydia
PAS (periodic acid-Schiff) stains what bugs?
Stains glycogen and mucopolysaccharides
Used to diagnose Whipple's disease - Thopheryma whippelii

Also - alpha1 antitrypsin in the liver, gaucher's disease, and ALL
Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fushcin) stains what bugs?
Acid-fast organisms:
Mycobacteria
Nocardia
India ink stains what bugs?
Cryptococcus neoformans (mucicarmine can also be used to stain thick polysaccharide capsule red)
Silver stain stains what bugs?
Fungi (Pneumocystis)
Legionella
What culture is required for H. influenzae?
Chocolate agar with factors
V (NAD+) and X (hematin)
What culture is required for N. gonorrnea?
Thayer-Martin (or VPN - vancomycin, polymyxin, nystatin) media
What culture is required for B. pertussis?
Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar
What culture is required for C. diphtheriae?
Tellurite plate
Loffler's media
Methylene blue stain for granules
What culture is required for M. tuberculosis?
Lowenstein-Jensen agar
What culture is required for M. pneumoniae?
Eaton's agar
What culture is required for lactose-fermenting enterics?
Pink colonies on MacKonkey's agar
Note: E. Coli is also grown on eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar, as green colonies with metallic sheen
What culture is required for Legionella?
Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine and iron
What culture is required for fungi?
Sabouraud's agar
What culture is required for Enterocci (faecalis & faecium)?
Bile salts and 6.5% hypertonic saline