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36 Cards in this Set

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surface antigen that binds to the Fc region of IgG and makes it unavailable to the receptor site on the phagocyte
protein A
surface antigen that promotes adherence to tissues, catheters, etc.
clumping factor
surface antigen that mediates adhesion by binding to tissue fibronectin
teichoic acid
extracellular enzyme that prevents opsonization and phagocytosis
coagulase
extracellular enzyme that plays role in pathogenesis of boils and acne
lipase
extracellular enzyme that hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid
hyaluronidase
extracellular enzyme that cleaves DNA and RNA
nucleases
4 types of toxins
Hemolysin
Enterotoxin (SE)
Epidermolytic/Exfoliative Toxin (ET)
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin (TSST-1)
Food poisoning is transmitted by
ingestion of contaminated food
Pneumonia is transmitted by
Aspiration of nasopharyngeal secretions
Person to person transmission is passed through
direct contact or by contaminated clothing and bed linens
Name seven inflammatory diseases
FIFO, APE
Folliculitis, Impetigo, Furunculosis and Carbunculosis (Boils), Osteomyelitis, Arthritis, Pneumonia, Endocarditis
Red rash on the face characterized by
Impetigo
The incubation period for food poisoning is
2-6 hours
The vomiting and diarrhea associated with food poisoning is caused by
S. aureus in food produces toxin, the toxin is ingested, and interacts with mucosa
This condition is characterized by fever, rash, and shock, and has a death rate of 3%
Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)
How is TSS caused?
S. aureus grows in the tampon, then TSST-1 enters the bloodstream
large, creamy, opaque colonies, usually beta-hemolytic
colony morphology
biochemical testing steps:
catalase +, mannitol/salt +, coagulase +
These are beta-lactamase-resistant penicillins:
Methicillin, nafcillin, cloxacillin
If MRSA:
Vancomycin
What does staphylococcus epidermidis produce?
biofilm
What is the source of staphylococcus epidermidis?
patient's skin or the hands of hospital staff
Where does staphylococcus epidermidis colonize?
prosthetic devices
What effect does staphylococcus epidermidis have on the prosthetic devices?
The biofilm erodes the plastic surface and/or breaks off and disseminates
How is staphylococcus epidermis treated?
removal of the device
Are staphylococci resistant to beta-lactamase resistant antibiotics?
Yes, about 40% of coagulase-negative staphylococci are
Which antibiotic is the choice for staphylococci?
Vancomycin, also rifampin and gentamicin in some cases
What is an important cause of urinary tract infections?
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
up to 30% of UTI's are in which group?
young, sexually active women
What is one problem with UTI's
they are often ignored
What are some group characteristics of streptococci?
Gram-positive cocci in chains, catalase negative, nutritionally fastidious, hemolysis: alpha negative, beta-negative, or none, metabolism: aerotolerant anaerobes
GAS is an acronym for
S. pyogenes
Surface Antigens for S. pyrogenes are:
Capsule (Hyaluronic acid), M protein, LTA (Lipoteichoic acid), F protein
go back to 28 & 29 slides
make notecards, read book!
4 Pyogenic Diseases:
Impetigo, Cellulitis, Erysipelas, Streptococcal Pharyngitis