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Cervical Special Tests:
-Foraminal Compression test
-Vertebral Artery Test
Foraminal Compression Test:
-Seated, lat. side bend, push downward.
-+ with radiating pain on flexed side.
-Indicated nerve root compression
Vertebral Artery Test:
-Supine, ext., lat. flex and rot to ipsilateral side.
- + with dizziness, nystagmus, slurred speech, loss of consciousness.
-Indicate vertebral artery compression
Hyperextension Sprain/Strain:
-tearing of SCM or Longissimus Coli
-pharyngeal edema
-tearing of ALL structures/muscles
-Separation of cartilaginous end-plate of intervertebral disk.
Hyperflexion Sprain/Strain:
-Tear of post. cervical muscles.
-Tear of ligimentum nuchae.
-tears of PLL
-Intervertebral injury
Sprain/Strain:
-Interventions
-analgesics, NSAIDS, mucles relaxants, rest.
-Restore ROM, avoid stress to MOI, work site modification, postural education.
Cervical Disk Injuries:
-Goals
-Reduce pain and swelling
-centralize symptoms
Cervical Spondylosis:
-chronic degen. of disc due to wear and tear on WB structures.
-Common in 40-60 y/o at C5-7
-more common in women than men
Cervical Spondylosis:
-Interventions
-Pain and swelling control with rest.
-Possibly traction
-ROM ex. and ISOM ex.
TMJ Syndrome:
-females>men, age 20-40
-pain, mm spasm, abnormal/limited ROM, headache, tinnitus.
TMJ Syndrome:
-Causes
-Malocclusion
-Altered joint mechanics
-Muscle spasm
-Sinus problems
-Forward head posture
-Trauma (abrupt or sustained)
TMJ Syndrome:
-Interventions
-Reduce pain & guarding
-Controlled open/closing
-strengthen opposing lat. deviation
-stretching and joint mobs
-avoid triggers
Congenital Torticollis:
-Unilateral contracture of SCM
-Due to malposition in utero, birth trauma
-Observed in first few weeks of life
Congenital Torticollis:
-Treatment
-stretching, AROM, positioning, caregiver ed.
-surgical release after 1 yr of conservative management with little or no change