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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is Protestantism?
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A Protest against the curch.
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"Protest"antism |
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What does "Reformation" mean?
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A change in the church's ways of teaching and practicing Christanity.
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A Change in what.... |
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Who was Martin Luther?
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A professor and a priest.
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Two things both starting with the letter "p". |
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What was his main belief?
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His main belief was justification by faith.
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No amount of work will get you saved. |
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How could people be made good or just be good?
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By having faith in god and could not be made good by doing th 7 sacraments which are
1. Baptism 2. Conformation 3. Communion 4. Pentance 5. Matromony 6. Holy orders 7. Extreme something |
7 |
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What other beliefs did Luther have?
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> Sermons and bibles should be in the vernacular
> Rituals should be simplified > The church needs to be more spiritual, less wordly > No confessions to a priest > Less hierarchy in clergy-no pope > Priest should marry |
There are six of them.... |
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What were the Church abuses?
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> Nepotism
> Simony > Indulgences > Sold indulgences to the families of the deceased ( John Tetzel) > Leo X raising money to rebuild St. Peter's Basilica |
There are five of them... |
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What does "Nepotism" mean?
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Giving positions to relatives/close friends
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giving of something... |
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What does "Simony" mean?
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Paying for a position in church
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paying for something... |
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What are Indulgences?
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Payments for certificate that cancelled or reduced punishment for sins -> Admission to heaven
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Paying for a certifitcate for what? |
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How did Luther respond to the church abuses and when did he respond?
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October 31, 1517
He nailed placard with 95 theses about the corruption in the Catholic Church on the doors of the Wittenberg Church. |
Theses |
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What are "theses"?
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Statements
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statements |
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Would Luther withdraw his criticisms about the catholic church?
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No
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It is not yes... |
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What is the "Diet of Worms"?
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When German Princes asked Luther to take back his statements and when he refrused, he was condemned as a heretic. There for he went into hiding.
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This caused him to go into hiding... |
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What did Luther do while he was in hiding?
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He translated the Bible into German so common people could read the bible.
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What are the tenants of Lutheranism?
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> Salvation (Heaven) by faith in god and not good works
> Religious truth and authority could come from the bible only. |
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What is a church to Luther?
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A community of believers.
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Clergy is what?
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Clergy is a vocation or life calling and is just as important as other vocations.
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By the 1550's what happened to Lutheranism?
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Lutheranism spread throughout Germany and was made official religion in some areas.
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What carried Lutheranism to other countries?
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Trade
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Why did Henry VII split from the Catholic Church?
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The pope would not grant him a divorce from Catherine of Argon
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Why did the King want a divorce?
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Catherine gave him a daughter but he needed a male heir to run the country
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Where did he rally support from and what did the show?
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The Parliment and it showed that people supported the idea
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How many wifes did Henry have?
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Six
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What was the name of Catherine of Argon's daughter?
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Mary or Queen Bess/ Virgin Queen
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When and who did Mary take throne after?
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In 1553 and Edward
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What did she restore?
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She restored catholicism "Bloody Mary"
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How long did Mary rule for?
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46 years
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What wife finally gave Henry a son and when and how did she die?
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Jane Seymour died after giving birth the Edward VI
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What age did Edward live to?
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12 years old
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How was in England ruled when he was in power?
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England was ruled by the protestant council
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Who was the leader of Calvinism?
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John Calvin
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Where was he born, where did he move to and what did he write?
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He was born in France/moved to Geneva/wrote INSTITUTES of CHRISTIAN RELIGION
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What were his beliefs?
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> God is all powerful and all knowing
> God directs the past, present, and future > Predestination |
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What does Predestination mean?
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God determines each person's fate or whether they go to heaven
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Who was his supporter?
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John Knox
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Where was his religion taken and what was it called?
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Scottish took the religion to Scotland and it was called Presbeterianism
(Used to encourage moral people to overthrow tyrannical rulers) |
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Calvinism in practice was...
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A government without a king in Geneva, Switzerland and it was called "City of Saints"
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What does "Consistory" mean?
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council or 12 members that controlled all aspects of daily life or what some like to call spies
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Name the strict laws that were created...
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> No Smoking
> No Drinking > No Gambling > No Cards > No Swearing > No Dancing > No Fighting |
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Whre did Calvinism flourish and why?
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Europe
> Easy to set up-lay people (church members) run church > Democratic leadership made members loyal to the church |
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Radical Reformers or Anabaptists would only admit members as adults through what?
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Baptism
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What did they refuse to do?
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Refused to live by the laws of the government.....
For Example, they didn't take oaths |
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What is the Counter Reformation?
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The Catholic reformation
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Why did Catholics in Europe want to reform?
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Because Protestantism was becoming very popular
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How did the reformation start?
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It started with the evaluation of the Catholic Church by Pope Paul III - What and how reform should happen
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What did the report blame?
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It blamed the church's leaders and declared that protestants needed to be brought back to the Catholic Church
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What needed to be stopped?
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Protestantism
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What is the definition of "Inquisition"?
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The Church court to find heretics
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What needed to be riditalied and what needed to be restored?
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Non-catholics/ Pope's authority
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What kind of books were banned?
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Humanist books that influenced the reformation
-List called an INDEX >Decamerone and Galileo's work |
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What was called by Pope Paul III to define the offical doctrine?
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The Council of Trent
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One could only fine salvation through what two things?
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Faith an Works which were opposite of protestantism
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What was the only acceptable version of the bible?
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Latin VULGATE
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What were there no more sellings of?
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Indulgences
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All priests had to be trained where?
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In a Seminary
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The service was in what language?
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Latin, not vernacular language
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The rituals were enhanced by what kind of art and what were some characteristics of it?
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Baroque- Very dramatic, Exaggerated, a Symmertical
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Who were the Jesuits and what does "Jesuits" stand for?
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The Jesuits were one group of catholics that acted as missionaries in Europe and it stands for Society of Jesus
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Who was the founder?
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Ignatius Loyola
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How were they alike monks and how were they not alike?
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They dressed and acted like monks but did not withdraw from the world
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Where were the first missonaries?
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India, China, Japan, Brazil, and Ethiopia
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What kind of colleges did they found and what did they teach among them?
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Liberal Arts Universities (John Carroll University) that taught Roman Catholicisn and humanist subjects
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Some Protestant areas...
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won back
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Europe split between what two religions?
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Protestantism (N) and Catholicism (S) Which ended the unity of europe
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The religious tension caused what?
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War in 1545
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What event occured in 1600?
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Peace of Aygsbur in Germany
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This did what?
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Strengthend civil rule over religious nation- states gained power, church courts abolished, countries confiscated
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The Edict of Nantes (Place and year) and the Toleration Act (Place and year) supported what?
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(France and 1598)(Britain and 1689) encouraged religious tolerance and eduction and interest in the bible
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Radical Anabaptists took over where?
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Munster
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The majority of them were killed by who and why were they killed?
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Lutherans and catholics for Polygamy, Cenorship, and theft
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Many immigranted to where, when, and why?
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North Ameria in 1600's for religious freedom and separation of church and state
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