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36 Cards in this Set

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can patients with delayed hypersensitivity to PCN receive cephalosporins?
yes
can people with type I hypersensitivty to PCN receive cephalosporins or carbapenems?
no
what three drugs are eliminated through the hepatobiliary system?
clinda, erythromycin, and metro
what is the protocol for P. aeruginosa?
beta lactam + aminoglycoside
why shouldn't you use antipyretics during the tx of infection?
they can mask the fever and confuse the clinician
with infection WBC counts are high but rarely higher than?
30,000-40,000
is there cross reactivity between beta lactams and monolactams?
not really
this is a persistent fever in the absence of infection or other underlying condition?
drug fever
give two examples of a drug that is known to induce drug fever?
beta lactams, hydralazine
what is the likely pathogen if a person is febrile with flank pain?
E. coli
this drug causes gray baby syndrome
chloramphenicol
neonates develop _____ when given sulfonamides?
kernicterus
what causes kernicterus?
displacement of bilirubin from albumin
what classes of drugs are cleared faster in pregnancy?
pencillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides
slow acetylators develop this condition when on isoniazid?
peripheral neuropathy
name two drugs that should be dose adjusted in severe liver disease?
clindamycin, metro, rifampin, erythromycin
what do naficillin, piperacillin, and cefotaxime have in common?
significant accumulation can occur when liver and renal dysfunction are present
neuromuscular blockers intearct with these drugs?
aminogylcosides
drugs that are nephrotoxins shouldn't be taken with aminoglycosides or this drug?
amphotericin B
aspirin interacts with what antibiotic?
penicillins (and cephalosporins)
multivalent cations shouldn't be taken with what two classes?
tetracyclines and quinolones
parenteral therapy is usually warranted febrile neutropenia for these three deep-seated infections?
meningitis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis
how is severe pnuemonia treated?
IV antibiotics and then switched to po
nafcillin causes this side effect?
neutrophenia
pipercillin causes these side effect?
platelet dysfunction
what side effect is trimethoprim associated with ?
megaloblastic anemia
all antibiotics have been implicated in causing this infection?
C. diff
the treatment of this disease is the most obvious example of synergy?
enterococcal endocarditis
what is the relationship between volume of distribution and concetrations?
low volume of distribution, higher concentrations
this is the intrinsic resistance of the pathogens producing the infection?
primary resistance
what drugs is pneumococci becoming resistant to?
pencillins, certain cephalosporins, and macrolides
pneumococci are usually susceptible to what?
vancomycin, new fluoroquinolones, cefotaxime, cefrtiaxone
the emergence of resistance during antimicrobial therapy is reported most frequently in diseases caused by what organism?
P. aeruginosa
what do P. aeruginosa, E. aerogenes, E. cloacae, Citrobacter, and Serratia have in common?
they can produce a beta-lactamase that is capable of hydrolyzing broad-spectrum cephalosporins and penicillins
what are P. aeruginosa, E. aerogenes, E. cloacae, Citrobacter, and Serratia usually susceptible to if they fail with beta-lactams?
aminoglycosoides, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones
what is the difference between antimicrobial switch and cycling?
switch = change in ROA
cycling = predetermined change in an antimicrobial recommendation for empiral therapy of a specific infection at a set time