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70 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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cells make up skin & linings of digestive & respiratory Systems
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Epithelial
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Epithelial
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cells make up skin & linings of digestive & respiratory Systems
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Functions of the Skin
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Protect from UV rays
Regulate body temp Waste removal Barrier from infection Sensory receptor |
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Functions of the Skin
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Protect from UV rays
Regulate body temp Waste removal Barrier from infection Sensory receptor |
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Two Main Layers & lower layer of skin
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Epidermis
Dermis Hypodermis -AKA adipose tissue & subcutaneous layer |
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Top layer is made of
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dead cells
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entire skin is replaced every 4 weeks
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Rapid cell division
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entire skin is replaced every 4 weeks
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Rapid cell division
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Bottom layer is
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the basal layer
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Skin Color from
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Melanin
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have many “fingers” that permeate through the dermis.
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Melanocytes
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What migrates thru these fingers and absorb the harmful UV rays from the sun.
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Melanin
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The more melanin=
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=darker skin
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2 types of glands in skin
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sebaceous (oil)
sweat glands (perspiration) |
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sebaceous
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secretes oil to protect skin & moisturize
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sweat glands
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help control body temp removes salts & wastes.
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the skin aka
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Hypodermis
Subcutaneous Layer Adipose Layer |
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serves to insulate, protect and add form
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Fatty tissue
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Mechanical Digestion
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from cutting, grinding, chewing in mouth. From churning by peristalsis in stomach
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from cutting, grinding, chewing in mouth. From churning by peristalsis in stomach
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Mechanical Digestion
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Chemical Digestion
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beginning in mouth through stomach & small intestines.
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beginning in mouth through stomach & small intestines.
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Chemical Digestion
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Accessory Organs
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food doesn’t pass thru them. They supply digestive “juices”.
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food doesn’t pass thru them. They supply digestive “juices”.
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Accessory Organs
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Incisors
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slice
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slice
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Incisors
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Canines
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tear
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Tear
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Canines
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Premolars & molars
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grind
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grind
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Premolars & molars
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3 layers of tooth
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Crown, neck & root
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Enamel
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hard for protection
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hard for protection
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Enamel
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Dentine
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softer, alive bone-like
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softer, alive bone-like
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Dentine
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Pulp
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soft blood & nerve tissue
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soft blood & nerve tissue
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Pulp
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Cementum & Periodontal
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membrane “glue” tooth to the bony socket
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membrane “glue” tooth to the bony socket
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Cementum & Periodontal
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Chewed Food (smaller pieces w/ higher surface area) mixes w/ saliva becomes
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bolus
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Enzyme ------- begins Carbohydrate chemical digestion.
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Amylase
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Peristalsis
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Involuntary contractions and relaxation of smooth muscle surrounding esophagus moves food down esophagus
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Involuntary contractions and relaxation of smooth muscle surrounding esophagus moves food down esophagus
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Peristalsis
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Cardiac Sphincter
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Ring shaped muscle separating the esophagus from the stomach
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Ring shaped muscle separating the esophagus from the stomach
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Cardiac Sphincter
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sphincters
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muscles that squeeze the digestive tube closed and help move material in only one direction.
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muscles that squeeze the digestive tube closed and help move material in only one direction.
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sphincters
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Stomach secretes
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HCI
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HCI
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very acidic
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Bolus is mixed w/ acids for several hours
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chyme
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chyme
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Bolus is mixed w/ acids for several hours
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Pepsin
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used in protein digestion
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used in protein digestion
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Pepsin
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Leaves thru Pyloric Sphyncter to the
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duodenum
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Most chemical digestion takes place here
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Small Intestine
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3 regions of Small Intestine
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duodenum, jejunum and ileum
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Increased surface area by millions of
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villi and microvilli
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Main Functions of the Large Intestine (4)
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Reabsorption of water
Reabsorption of vitamins Waste elinination Very little digestion (most is done in the stomach & small intestine) |
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Large Intestine divided into
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Cecum, Ascending, Transverse, Descending, and Sigmoid Colon
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Large Intestine aka
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Colon
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Undigested food & Wastes stored in the
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rectum
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stored in the rectum before being eliminated thru the
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anus
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Salivary Glands
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secretes saliva and enzyme amylase.
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secretes saliva and enzyme amylase.
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Salivary Glands
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Liver
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filters blood & secretes Bile used to emulsify & digest Fats
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filters blood & secretes Bile used to emulsify & digest Fats
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Liver
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stores bile until needed
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Gall Bladder
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Gall Bladder
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stores bile until needed
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Pancreas- 3 functions
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Release & control of insulin in the Islets of Langerhans. Controls sugar blood levels
Release digestive enzymes Produce sodium bicarbonate to convert stomach acid to a basic solution in the duodenum |
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Release & control of insulin in the Islets of Langerhans. Controls sugar blood levels
Release digestive enzymes Produce sodium bicarbonate to convert stomach acid to a basic solution in the duodenum |
Pancreas
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