TOG Y2 W18 - People

(1598-1680)
Renaissance architect who contributed to St. Peter’s Basilica, including the plaza in front and the bronze canopy over the altar.

(1573-1610)
Italian painter of the Baroque period known for painting religious scenes in a shockingly realistic way, using
models from everyday life.

(1500-1558)
Holy Roman Emperor of the House of Habsburg. Ruler of the German states, the Low Countries, Burgundy,and Austria, he also inherited the throne of Spain, uniting almost all of Europe and an American empire under one throne. Charles V was the emperor whom Martin Luther faced at the Diet of Worms.

(1553-1610)
French king, first of the House of Bourbon, who issued the Edict of Nantes establishing religious toleration in France. Initially a Huguenot (French Protestant) and commander of the Huguenot forces in the religious civil wars, he
converted to Catholicism when he became king, for political reasons.

(1491-1556)
Spanish Catholic religious leader who founded the Jesuit order (Society of Jesus). Developed a manual for piety based on his own experiences, after dedicating his life to religion during a long recovery from battle wounds. The
Jesuits, who took a special oath of complete loyalty to the pope, became the “special forces” of the Counter Reformation; in addition, they emphasized education and produced influential cross-cultural missionaries to the Far East and America.

(1519-1589)
French queen of the Italian Medici family, who exercised great influence during the reign of her three sons, Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III; involved in instigating the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre against the Huguenots.

(1606-1669)
Dutch painter of the Northern Renaissance known for the sympathetic, honest realism of his figures, bringing out the humanity of the subject, and for his skillful storytelling ability.

(1577-1640)
Flemish artist of the Northern Renaissance, a painter in the Baroque style, who painted vibrant, intense works on commissions from many dignitaries of Europe.

(1585-1672)
German composer during the Baroque period who wrote church music.

(1678-1741)
Italian composer of the Baroque period known for The Four Seasons, his concertos (a form which he helped to create), and for religious choral compositions.

(1533-1584)
Dutch nobleman who united the northern provinces in the Netherlands and led them against Philip II of Spain, who was persecuting Protestants and seeking to bring them in line with Catholicism. Called “The Silent” because he was taciturn regarding political questions; also recognized by the Dutch as “Father of the fatherland.”

(1506-1552)
Spanish Jesuit missionary to Asia, who preached extensively in India, Japan, and other parts of the Far East, laying the earliest foundations for Christianity there.