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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the typical location of a true aneurysm
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the LV apex
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What is a common complication of an apical aneuyrsm
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a clot within it (bc of dyskinesis)
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What groove does the LAD run
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interventricular groove
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What vessels does the LAD give off
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Diagnol
laD Septal perforators |
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What does the septal perforators supply and what branch do these come off of
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septum
off the LAD |
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What groove does the LCx run
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posteriorly in the atrioventricular grooove
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What provides the primary supply to the lateral wall of the ventricle
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Cx
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What branches does the Cx give off
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obtuse mariginal
Cx OM= COM |
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What groove does the right coronary artery run
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the AV groove anteriorly (right)
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What branches does the RCA give off
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Acute marginal
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What supplies the inferior portion of the heart
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the PDA
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Is a the PDA always given off by the RCA
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no (only right domninant)
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What are the classic CT findings of an infarct
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wall thining
subendocardial low density (fat or bc of low perfusion) |
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What are the classic MR findings of an acute infarct
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wall thining
wall motion abnormality delayed enhancement |
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What is the neck size of an apical aneurysm
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wide
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Do apical aneurysm have a tendency to rupture
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no
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Where do pseudoaneurysms tend to occur
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posteriorly or at the diaphragm
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What is the difference in neck size between a pseudoaneurysm and a true apical aneurysm
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pseuo has a thin neck
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Which one will MC rupture; pseudo or true aneurysm
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pseudo
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What type of aneurysms will require surgery
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a pseudoaneurysm (true apical aneurysms do not)
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What is the measurement cut off in determining if a patient should have revascularization
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greater than 5.5mm
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What is the ratio of viable myocardium:wall thickness needed to go and do revascularization
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>50%
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If the enhancing region does not involve the subendocardial region is it an infarct
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no
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Can sarcoid cause delayed cardiac enhancement
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yes, and will be patching and not involve the subendocardium
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What is the big 3 of non-ischemic delayed enhancemetn
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myocarditis
amyloid sarcoid |
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What are some cardiomyopatheis that may cause non-ischemic patterns of non-enhancement
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HOCM
dilated CM ARVD |
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What is the most sensitive finding for ARVD
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diffuse or focal wall thickening
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What is the most specific finding in ARVD
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Aneurysm
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Does ARVD have fatty infiltration
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yes
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Does the right ventricle dilate with a decreased EF
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yes
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What are the classic finding of ARVD
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fatty infiltration of the RV wall with thickening
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If the septum is very thick compared to the LV wall what should you suspect
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HOCM
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What are the 2 forms of HOCM
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asymmetric
symmetric |
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What percent of HOCM are asymmetric
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95%
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What are the locations of wall thickening in asymmetric HOCM
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septal
apical |
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What does the symmetric type of HOCM look like
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aortic stenosis or htn
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What are the findings in symmetric HOCM
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wall thickness greater than 12mm with abscense of HTN
(DURING DIASTOLE) |
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In HOCM what ratio can be used to used to detect subtle asymmetry
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septum;posterolateral wall
>1.3 or >1.5 (both are used) |
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What type of stenosis may occur as result of HOCM
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subvalvulal aortic stenosis
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Can HOCM occur in other regions besides the septum
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yes, this may occur at the apex
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A mass in a atrium attached to the wall by a stalk
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myxoma
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How do you differentiate a thrombus from a mass
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look for enhancement
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What is the MC cardiac malignant mass
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angiosarcoma
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angiosarcoma is the MC malignant primary tumor of the heart
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yes
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What are the two most common benign primary cardiac tumors
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lipoma
myxoma |
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What is the ddx of primary malignant cardiac tumors
3 |
angiosarcoma
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma leiomyosarcoma |
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What are the radiographic findings of constrictive pericarditis
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pericardial thickening (>4mm)
pericardial calcificitation septal bounce tubular RV enlarged RA or IVC |
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When does septal bounce occur
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early diastole
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What are 4 causes of sudden cardiac death in a young person
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HOCM
anomalous coronary ARVD myocarditis |
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What are the surgical options for anomalous coronary artery
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Unroofing (dilating the proximal portion by coring out )
reimplantation bypass graft |
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What is the ddx of PAH
6 |
left sided heart dz
pulmonary veno-occulsive pulmonary lung dz chronic PE shunts primary |
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Does coronary CTA have a high negative predictive value
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yes (lower positive predictive value)
|
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What do you do if a pt has a greater than 50% stenosis
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cardiac cath (gold standard and needs to be confirmed)
|
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Findings of pericardial effusion
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enlarged silhoutte
waterbottle heart |
