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15 Cards in this Set

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Chlorothiazide
Inhibit Na+ reabsorption in DCT via inhibition of Na/Cl cotransporter
Rely on renal function for efficacy
Increased excretion of Na and Cl; Loss of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+
Chlorothalidone
Thiazide-like diuretics
Hypertension
Hydrochlorothiazide
Inhibit Na+ reabsorption in DCT via inhibition of Na/Cl cotransporter
Rely on renal function for efficacy
Increased excretion of Na and Cl; Loss of K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+
Hypertension; heart failure; hypercalciuria; diabetes insipidus
Indapamide
Thiazide-like diuretics
Antihypertensive effects with minimal diuretic action, esp. in advanced renal failure
Metolazone
Thiazide-like diuretics
Causes Na+ excretion in advanced renal failure
Bumetanide
Inhibit cotransport of the Na/K/2Cl transporter in ALH
Most efficacious of diuretics due to 25-30% of Na+ reabsorption that occurs in ALH
Also, causes decreased renal vascular resistance and increased renal blood flow
Acute pulmonary edema of HF, esp. in emergent situations; hypercalcemia (requires concurrent hydration therapy); hyperkalemia
Ethacrynic acid
Inhibit cotransport of the Na/K/2Cl transporter in ALH
Most efficacious of diuretics due to 25-30% of Na+ reabsorption that occurs in ALH
Also, causes decreased renal vascular resistance and increased renal blood flow
Acute pulmonary edema of HF, esp. in emergent situations; hypercalcemia (requires concurrent hydration therapy); hyperkalemia
Furosemide
Inhibit cotransport of the Na/K/2Cl transporter in ALH
Most efficacious of diuretics due to 25-30% of Na+ reabsorption that occurs in ALH
Also, causes decreased renal vascular resistance and increased renal blood flow
Acute pulmonary edema of HF, esp. in emergent situations; hypercalcemia (requires concurrent hydration therapy); hyperkalemia
Torsemide
Inhibit cotransport of the Na/K/2Cl transporter in ALH
Most efficacious of diuretics due to 25-30% of Na+ reabsorption that occurs in ALH
Also, causes decreased renal vascular resistance and increased renal blood flow
Acute pulmonary edema of HF, esp. in emergent situations; hypercalcemia (requires concurrent hydration therapy); hyperkalemia
Amiloride
Block Na+ channels in collecting ducts, independent of aldosterone
Often used in conjunction with other diuretics
Diuretic (DOC in hepatic cirrhosis); secondary hyperaldosteronism; heart failure
Eplerenone
Competitively antagonizes the intracellular aldosterone receptor
Increases Na+ excretion and promotes retention of K+ and H+
Often used in conjuction with other diuretics
Diuretic (DOC in hepatic cirrhosis); secondary hyperaldosteronism; heart failure
Spirinolactone
Competitively antagonizes the intracellular aldosterone receptor
Increases Na+ excretion and promotes retention of K+ and H+
Often used in conjuction with other diuretics
Diuretic (DOC in hepatic cirrhosis); secondary hyperaldosteronism; heart failure
Acetazolamide
Inhibits reabsorption of bicarbonate in the PCT via inhibition of luminal carbonic anhydrase
Open-angle glaucoma; Mountain sickness
Mannitol
Osmotic diuretic
Increased ICP; ARF due to shock, Rx toxicity, or trauma
Urea
Osmotic diuretic
Increased ICP; ARF due to shock, Rx toxicity, or trauma