USMLE Step 3: Pediatrics Flash Cards

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Title: USMLE Step 3: Pediatrics
Description: Flashcards on important info about pediatrics for USMLE Step 3 preparation.
Number of Cards: 13
Save Count: 1
Author: squishysquirrel49
Created: 2011-06-03
Tags: 3 pediatrics step usmle
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    • Question
    • Answer
    • Side 3
    • What should be done at every pediatric visit?
    • Height, weight, BP, H & P, developmental and behavioral assessment, and counseling about age-appropriate concerns.
    • What congenital diseases are screened for at birth?
    • All states screen for hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria.
      Most states screen for galactosemia and sickle cell.
    • What is the next step if a child is screened for phenylketonuria and the test is positive?
    • A confirmatory test should be performed to make sure it isn't a false positive.
    • What are some examples of anticipatory guidance?
    • Use of car restraints, placing baby on back on a firm surface with light clothing to prevent SIDS, introduction of solid foods at 6 months of age, not giving a child cow's milk before 1 year of age, not using infant walkers, supervising a child in a bathtub or pool, keeping chemicals out of reach, and keeping water heater at 110-120 degrees F.
    • When should head circumference be measured?
    • Routinely in the fist 2 years of life.
    • WHen should height and weight be measured?
    • Routinely until adulthood.
    • If the pattern of growth along plotted growth curves goes from a normal curve to an abnormal one, is this worrisome?
    • Yes.
    • What is the significance of increased head circumference?
    • It could indicate the presence of hydroccephalus or tumor.
    • What is the significance of decreased head circumference?
    • Can indicate microcephaly due to intrauterine or perinatal infection with toxoplasmosis, congenital syphilis, HIV, rubella, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, or other viruses.
    • What causes obesity in a child?
    • Overeating and lack of exercise with genetic tendencies.
    • What percentage of child obesity is due to organic causes?
    • <5%.
    • What is failure to thrive?
    • It is defined as growth below the 5th percentile for age.
    • What is the most common cause of failure to thrive?
    • Psychosocial or functional problems (e.g., child abuse).