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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is there venous resistance to blood flow in the thorax
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the subclacian vein compressing as it passes over the first rib; and increased intra abdominal pressure intermittently compresses abdominal veins
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Why is venous pressure measured in a supine patient
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no gravitational effect on peripheral venous pressure
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hyperventilation does what to venous return
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enhances
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when does varicose veins occur
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when there is prolonged increased intravenous pressure in the lower extremities
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what is the treatment for varicose veins
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leg elevation to heart level, use of compression stocking, weight loss, childbirth
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what happens in superficial leg veins especially below the knees with varicose veins
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the veins walls stretch and valves lose their ability to prevent blood backflow, they become enlarged and bulbous
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what happens to capillary hydrostatic pressure with varicose veins
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it increases which causes filtration which causes edema and inadequate gas and nutrient diffusion to muscle and skin
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what does interstitial edema and inadequate gas and nutrient diffusion to skin and muscle cause
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muscle weakness and pain, skin ulceration in severe cases
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What does not function if you are standing at rigid attention for long periods
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the venous pump does not function
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When standing at rigid attention what happens to the capillary hydrostatic pressure
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it increases rapidly
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In ridged attention, after the capillary hydrostatic pressure has increased, what can happen next
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up to 10-20% of blood volume is loss to plasma diffusing into tissue interstitial spaces and interstitial edema occurs, reducing diffusion and fainting may occur if the pump is to activated
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a mechanism that overcomes gravitational pressure in the lower extremities of a standing or sitting person
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the venous pump
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walking decreases venous pressure in the feet to what
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< 20 mmHg
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What is the venous pressure in the feet
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90mm
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what is the venous pressure in the thigh
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40mm
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venous pressure while standing absolutely still is what in the feet
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90mmHg
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what is the venous pressure in the hands with arms at both side is what
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35mmHg
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What does gravitational pressure (hydrostatic pressure) do to the weight of blood in the veins between the extremities and the heart in a standing or sitting person
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increase the weight
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blood flow through compressed veins does what as CVP increases above normal
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increases the compressed veins are the subclacian and the abdominal
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