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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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active exercise
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joint movement activated by the person
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ankylosis
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fixation or immobilization of a joint
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atrophy
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decrease in the size of a body structure
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body mechanics
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efficient use of the body as a machine and as a means of locomotion
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cartilage
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a connective tissue characterized by its nonvascularity and firm consistency - Stedman's
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contractures
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permanently contracted state of a muscle
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dangling
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position in which the person sits on the edge of the bed with legs and feet dangling over the side of the bed
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exercise
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active exertion of muscles involving the contraction and relaxation of muscle groups
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flaccidity
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decreased muscle tone; synonym for hypotonicity
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footdrop
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complication resulting from extended plantar flexion
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isokinetic exercise
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exercise involving muscle contractions with resistance varying at a constant rate
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isometric exercise
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exercise in which muscle tension occurs without a significant change in muscle length
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isotonic exercise
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exercise in which muscles shorten (contract) and move
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ligaments
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tough fibrous bands that bind joints together and connect bones and cartilage
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negative nitrogen balance
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condition resulting in muscle wasting and decreased physical energy for movement and work (eg, anorexia nervosa and certain cancers)
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neurons
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The morphologic and functional unit of the nervous system, consisting of the nerve cell body with its dendrites and axon - Stedman's
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orthopedics
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the correction or prevention of disorders of body structures used in locomotion
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osteoporosis
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condition characterized by loss of calcium from bone tissue
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paralysis
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Loss of power of voluntary movement in a muscle through injury to or disease of its nerve supply - Loss of any function, such as sensation, secretion, or mental ability - Stedman's
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paresis
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impaired muscle strength or weakness
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passive exercise
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manual or mechanical means of moving the joints
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range of motion
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complete extent of movement of which a joint is normally capable
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spasticity
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increased muscle tone
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tendons
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strong, flexible, inelastic fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone
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tonus
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normal, partially steady state of muscle contraction
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