vta 125

Tendons-fibrous connective tissue bands
Aponeuroses-sheets of fibrous connective tissue
origin the more stable of muscles attachment sites
insertion- site that undergoes most of the movement when a muscle contractscentral portion of the mus
belly-thick

primary mover(agonist):a muscle or muscle group that produces a desired movement
Antagonist-a muscle or muscle group that directly opposes the action of a prome mover
Synergist-a muscle that contracts at the same time as aprime mover ans assists it in carrying out its action
Fixator-muscles that stabilize joints to allow other movement to take place

Action:e.g. flexor
muscles;extensor muscles
Shape:e.g. deltoid means:"triangular shaped"
Location:e.g.biceps brachii muscle is located at branchial region
Direction of fibers:e.g. rectus means straight
number of heads or divisions:cep means"head"; biceps branchii muscle has two heads
Attachment sites:e.g. origin of the stenocephalicious muscle is the sternum and insertion is the back of the head

Thin broad superficial muscles
found in the fascia just beneath the skin
little or no attachment to bones
serve to twitch the skin

functions
control facial expressions
enable mastication
move structures such as eye and ears
support the head
allow the head and neck to flex extend and move laterally

MASSETER MUSCLE-closes the jaw
SPLENIUS AND TRAPEZIUS MUSCLES-extend the head and neck;
BRACHIOCEPHALICUS MUSCLE-extends the head and neck also pulls the front leg forward
STERNOCEPHALICUS MUSCLE-flexes the head and neck

support the abdominal organs
help flex the back
participate in various functions that involve straioning
pkay a role in respiration

arranged in layers
external abdominal oblique muscle
internal abdominal oblique muscle
rectus abdominus muscle
transverse abdominus muscle
left and right parts of each muscle come together on the ventral midline at the linea alba which is where you always make an incision on a dog

superficial muscles of the shoulder region
Lattisumus dorsi muscle-flexes the shoulder
Pectoral muscles-one superficial one deep ;adduct the front leg
Deltoid muscle-abducts and flexes the shoulder joint
Brachial muscles
biceps brachii muscle-flexes the elbow joint
Triceps brachii muscle-extend the elbow joint
Carpal and digital muscles
Extensor carpi radials muscle-extends the carpus
Deep digital flexor muscle- flexes the digit

Gluteal muscles-extensor muscles of the hip
"hamstring" muscle group-extend the hip joint; main flexors of the stifle joint (knee)
Biceps femoris muscle
semimembraneous muscle
semitendinosus muscle
Quadriceps femoris muscle-main extensor muscle of the Stifle(knee)joint
Gastrocnemius muscle extensor muscle of the hock-below the knee