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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The fifteenthand sixteenth century voyages of exploration were stimulated mainly by?
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The individual explorers hopes of enrichment.
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What was proved by Ferdinand Magellane epic voyage?
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The globe was indeed spherical, A sea passage existed south of the tip of South America, and the islands called "Spice Islands" could be reached from the East. The journey was a long and difficult one.
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Which nation was the most persistently committed to converting the natives of the newly discrovered regions to Christianity?
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Spain
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What is the correct sequence of explorer-traders in the Far East?
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Portuguese, Dutch, and English
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The first to engage in the slave trade were the?
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Portuguese
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What were the most likely motives of the Dutch Captains voyage of discovery?
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A desire to deal the Roman Church a blow. A search for personal enrichment. The intention of establishing trade realations with a new partner and the desire to serve as a middleman between East Asia and Europe.
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Mercantilism aimed first of all at?
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Securing a favorable balance of foreign trade.
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Which proved to be the most important of the various new foods introuduced into European diets by the voyages and discovery?
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Potatoes
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The Sixteenth century inflation affected which group most negatively?
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Landholding Nobles
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The most devastating effects on the native population brought about by European discovery occured in?
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Latin America
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How were the Europeans able to expand and explore?
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The were able to because of new technology (Cannons Gunpowder Navigation Equipment).
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Expansion of Europeans: How were they able to expand?
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They were able to because of new technology (Ship Building ,Cannons, Gunpowder Navigation, and Equipment).
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Expansion of Europeans: Why did they expand?
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Ottomans/Constantinople shutdown access to Asia and India blocking supply routes
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Who was the first to explore the unknown world by sailing around the southern tip of Africa?
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The Portuguese
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Who led the Portuguese exploration to the new world?
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Prince Henry the Navigator
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What was Prince Henry the Navigator's goal on his exploration?
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Goal was to find a new trading route
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The Portuguese exploration was a sucess so what did they set up?
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Set up a string of factories that were mostly forts.
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The Portuguese exploration was a ____ ____ ___ plan for the Portuguese.
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Get Rich Quick. • Became the leading trade country
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The Portuguese were unable to hold on to the leading trade country because they were to small and ____ would eventually take over.
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Spain
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Who read the journals of Price Henry The Navigator and wanted to explore?
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Christopher Columbus
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Who financed the exploration for Christopher Clumbus?
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Queen Isabella of Spain financed the exploration after King Ferdinand convinced her
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Who was given political control over all the new lands he found by Queen Isabella.
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Christopher Columbus
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Who started enslaving the people of the native lands he found?
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Christopher Columbus
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Who left from Spain in 1519 to be the first to sail around the world?
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Ferdinand Magellan
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Ferdinand Magellan started with 241 men how many made it back to spain?
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Started with 241 men only 18 made it back to Spain.
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What was the reason the Spanish settled the colonies in the new world?
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Gold
God Glory Land |
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How did the mother government maximized trade with their colonies?
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Mercantilism
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What was Mercantilism?
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Said the colonies could only trade with the mother land. The colonies produce the raw materials and the mother country produces the manufactured goods
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How did the mother country know if mercantilism was working?
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This is achieved when you export more than you import.
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What is Triangular Trade?
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• Sell rum to England use money to buy slaves, trade slaves for molasses, and then use molasses to make rum.
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What was the Columbian Exchange?
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The exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between the old world and the new world after Christopher Columbus.
Small Pox being the largest killer of all killing over 80% of the population |
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Who were the Amerindians?
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The original people that were in the new world before Christopher Columbus arrived.
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What was the Encomienda System?
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A system that was established to provide the Spanish with local labor.
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The Encomienda System was basically slavery with the difference being this:
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Forced labor but the Spanish Goverment said that they had to Christianize, feed, clothe, and protect the workers.
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The Mestizos Race was a mixture of?
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The Amerindians mixed with the white Spanish.
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The Mulattos Race was a mixture of?
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The African women mixed with the white Spanish.
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Who started the lost Colony and claimed the land of Rannoch Virginia in the name of Queen Elizabeth.
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Sir Walter Raleigh
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What happened to the lost colony?
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Sir Walter Raleigh went for supplies but could not return for 2 years and the entire Colony was gone when he returned.
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How was the Protestant Reformation started?
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Martin Luther started the Protestant Reformation when he nailed his 95 Theses to the Wittenberg University’s Church door
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Matin Luther said that the Catholic Church was corrupt and the Sale of what proved this?
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Indulgences
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Martin Luther started the reformation but who took it worldwide?
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John Calvin took it world wide
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What was the most lasting impact of the Protestant Reformation?
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Literacy
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What was Justification by faith?
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Martin Luther said the by faith alone was the factor by which you could be saved. While the Catholic Church taught that good deeds was your salvation
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Who study Martin Luther’s writings and made the movement an international theological rebellion.
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John Calvin
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What was John Calvins theory?
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Said the God is all powerful and believed In Pre-destination (One of the Elect). God knows where you are going before you are born.
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Who Believed in free will and adult baptism?
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Anabaptists (Rebaptizers)
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What was the Counter-Reformation?
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This was the attempt by the Catholic Church to stop the Protestant Reformation
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What was The Council of Trent
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It was the first attempt that clearly defined what the Catholics believed but future separated Christianity from Catholics.
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What was the Jesuits Order
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This was the second attempted to bring people back to the Catholic Church.
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What started in Germany but spread to the rest of Europe finally reached a peace treaty with the Treaty of Westphalia
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The Thirty Years’ War
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What was Royal Absolutism?
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Said that the monarchy (King or Queen) has absolute power over the people it rules.
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Who was the founder of Royal Absolutism in France?
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Cardinal Richelieu
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What was Cromwell’s Commonwealth?
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A commonwealth is a republic without a monarch
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What was the Restoration?
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Bringing back a King to the republic restoring the Monarch to the head of government
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Civil War Catholics fighting the non Catholics was called what?
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Glorious Revolution
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What was the result of the Glorious Revolution?
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Result was the English bill of rights.
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What were the two parts of the Bill of Rights?
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The Monarchy and parliament have equal powers
The Monarchy has to be a protestant |
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Who wrote a book called the Leviathan?
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Thomas Hobbes
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What was Thomas Hobbes' Theory?
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Theory stated that: Humans need a strong government to maintain control of society
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Who wrote the two treaties on Government?
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John Locke
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What was John Lockes Theory?
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Theory stated that each person has natural rights life liberty and property and if the government try’s to take that away you have the right to revolt.
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The expansion of the Muscovite principality into a major state picked up pace during the sixteenth century under the leadership of who?
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Ivan the Terrible
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Who established a brutal model by persecuting all who dared to question his right to rule?
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Ivan the Terrible
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What goverment ruled Russia from 1613 to 1917?
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Romanov Dynasty
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