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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chuang Tzu
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LaoTzu's disciple; lived 200 years after him; wrote many treatises on Tao; considered best interpreter of Tao Te Ching; collected writings stand only second in importance in Taoist cannon
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Confucius
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founder of Confucianism and the philosophical opponent to Lao Tzu
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Fields of Cinnabar
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three regions of the body according to Taoists; head, chest, abdomen
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Hsien
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those who become immortal
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I Ching
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"Book of Changes" containing explanations of systems of divination; one of five classes of Confucianism
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Kuei
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bad and unpredictable spirits
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Ko Hung (283-343 CE)
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Taoist scholar and proponent of the immortality school of religious Taoism; alchemy, hygiene practices and accumulation of goods as means of attaining immortality
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Lao Tzu (b. 604 B.C.E.)
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most familiar name of the founder of Taoism, "the boy"
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P'eng-Lai
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paradisaical island upon which the hsien were believed to dwell
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Shen
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beneficial spirits associated with the sun and spring; protected people from kuei
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Shu Ching
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"book of history"; one of five classics of Confucianism
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Tao
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"way" or "order"; ordering principle of the universe; for things to be in their natural and proper state they must be in harmony with the Taw
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Tao Chia
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Philosophical Taosim
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Tao Te Ching
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"The Book of Tao," "The Wisdom of Lao Tzu" or "The Book of Tao"; basic text of Taoism composed by Lao Tzu
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Wu-Hsing
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five elements; earth, wood, metal, fire, and water
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Wu-wei
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"non-action," "not doing" or "inaction"; the Taoist form of action, meaning to do nothing in such a way that all things are accomplished and the world is brought into subjection of the Tao
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Yang
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male principle of the Universe; characterized by light heat, strength, positivity, intellect, aggressiveness, dryness, sky, heaven, sun, and South
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Yin
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female principle of the universe; characterized by darkness, cold weakness, negativity, intuition, sluggishness, wetness, earth, moon, and North
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Analects (lun yu)
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collection of sayings of Confucius compiled by his disciples; one of 4 books
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Cheng Ming
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"rectification of names"; accurate correspondence of words with objective reality
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Ch'i
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the physical element of being
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Chu Hsi
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Chinese philosopher who formulated the Confucian canon and established Neo-Confucianist thought
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Ch'un Ch'iu
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"Spring and Autumn Annals"; chronicling the history of the state Lu; one of 5 classics
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Chung Yung
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Principle of the "golden mean," similar to Aristotle's doctrine of the mean; described in one of 4 books Chung Yung
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Chun Tzu
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the Confucian gentleman
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Hisao
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filial piety; respect due to parents, elders, and superiors
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Jen
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"Human-heartedness" or "true manhood"; ideal attribute and goal of a Confucian education
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Li (rational principle in Neo-Confucianism)
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impels vital physical force in every object toward movement or generation
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Li (ritual)
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proper way in which relationships between people should be managed
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Li Chi
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"Book of Ritual";discussing the meanings of rituals; one of 5 classics, incorporating as chapters two of 4 books
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Mencius (Meng Tzu)
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disciple of Confucius and influential interpreter of his doctrines
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Meng Tzu
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"Book of Mencius"; one of Four Books, representing a compilation of Mencius's sayings and writings
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Shih Ching
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"Book of Poetry"; containing song lyrics; one of 5 classics and seminal work of early Chinese poetry
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Shu Ching
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"Book of History"; featured sayings and doings of the ancient sage-kings; one of 5 classics
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Ta Hsueh
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"Great Learning"; discourse on promoting order in society through self-cultivation of individuals; one of the Four Books and was the "primer" text in classical Confucian education
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T'ien
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"Heaven"; supreme "deity through much of Chinese history
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Tso Chuan
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One of the three commentaries on the Spring and Autumn Annals; required memorization for the classical Confucian student
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Amaterasu
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sun goddess; born when Izanagi washed his left eye
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Bushido
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code of the warrior, comparable to the code of medieval chivalry; "Warrior-Knight Way"
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Harai
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ritual purification made preparatory to communion with the kami
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Haraiguishi
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traditional purification wands used by Shinto priests
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Ise
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location of the Grand Shrine of the Ise dedicated to Amaterasu
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Izanagi
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Primeval kami of the sky; He and his wife Izanami created Japanese Islands
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Izanami
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Primeval kami of the earth; gave birth to a number of the islands of Japan and 35 deities
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Jimmu
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grandson of Ninigi and first emperor of Japan
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Kami
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powers or divine beings which reside in all things; they can bless or, if not appropriately treated, can cause unhappiness in life
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Kami-dana
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household shrine where prayers and daily offerings to the kami are made
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Kami No Michi
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"way of the gods"; native Japanese term for Shinto
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Kojiki
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"Record of Ancient Matters"; contains the basic story of the Shinto myth
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Matsuri
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festivals at Shinto shrines
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Naorai
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sacred meal "Shared" with the kami as a symbol of communion; often consists of a sip of rice wine, but may be a full banquet on certain occasions
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Nihongi
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"Chronicles of Japan"; Nihon Shoki; like Kojiki, contains the basic myth about the creation of Japan
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Niiname Matsuri
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harvest festival at which the emperor offers first fruits to the kami
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Ninigi
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grandson of Amaterasu and first ruler of Japan
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Norito
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prayers offered at home or communal shrines, accompanied by ritual bowing and hand-clapping
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Oharai
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"Great Purification"; twice-yearly festival in which the whole of Japan and her people are purified
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Omizuya
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Ablution pavilion at the entrance of a shrine
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Sakaki
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evergreen tree whose foliage is symbolic of purification
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Samurai
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military class of the Japanese feudal tradition; comparable to knights in Western feudal culture
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Shinsen
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offerings made to the kami at home (usually food or drink) or at a shrine (usually money, but may be food, drink, or symbolic offerings)
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Shinto
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name of the religion meaning "way of the gods"; derived from Chinese "shen" (gods) and "tao" (way)
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Shoguns
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military leaders of Japan during its feudal era and the actual powers behind the emperor until the Meiji restoration
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Susano
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the storm god and mischievous brother of Amaterasu; created when Izanagi washed his nose
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Torii
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gate before the shrine which separates the mundane world from the sacred divine enclosure
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Tsuki-yomi
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moon god. who was created when Izanagi washed his right eye
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