The atheromatous plaque is a raised lesion within the intima of arteries composed of a core of cholesterol, necrotic cellular debris and inflammatory cells. This is covered by a "cap" of smooth muscle cells and collagen fibers.(Back et al, 2003)
• Endothelial Injury: Chronic endothelial injury is the initial step in the development of atherosclerosis. Hemodynamic stresses such as turbulence at points of narrowing and branching