The content to which we instruct our students is at the center of many debates about implementing a civic-based approach to education. David L. Palmer argues that having a lesson plan to instruct students by “employing civic participation in college instruction enriches the practices of both education and democracy” . Palmer outlines a four-phase lesson plan: …show more content…
In the next phase of the lesson plan, navigation, students connect with individuals of the community who are directly related to the social issue they selected in the exploration phase. In Palmer’s design, it is required that students spend time in forums related to their social issue outside of the classroom setting. For example, if an English course is focused on the notion of racial passing and African American identity in society, one may select a forum where they are in direct contact with members of the black community and participate in related activities around their college. In another instance for a math course, one may volunteer at a local school to tutor high school students on homework. By directly involving a student in the community, it shows that there are a variety of different options for students to get involved, not matter what college course a student enrolls in. This allows the students to fully immerse themselves in the civic interests they have pursued. In regularly updating the instructor of the college course on their involvement, it provides a timeline of progress while also displaying the connections one can make with members of the local community who are associated with the social …show more content…
One may argue that Mann perceived students in a general sense, not as individuals and that it is due to him that America has issues with education today. Lasch asserts, “The great weakness in Mann’s educational philosophy was the assumption that education takes place only in schools” . It was educational theories such as Mann’s conception of a common school, which in turn produces common values that cause many to “believe that schooling is a cure-all for everything that ails us” . However, economic inequality and other social problems that plague the procedural republic lead individuals to be instructed by different forms of education, thus certain students are excluded from the common culture produced by common schools. However, the schools that Mann created were objective and relied heavily on math and science. Education centered on math and science does not foster an environment for public discourse to occur. Mann attempted to avoid anything that could have controversial repercussions. Lasch asserts, “Mann sought not only to insulate the school from political pressure but to keep political history out of the curriculum. The subject could not be ignored entirely; otherwise children would gain only ‘such knowledge as they may pick up from angry political