Surprisingly, although the policy was changed, many research funders such as NIH explored theses nine core areas in many cases and expanded them into other field. This can be illustrated by the fact that when the NIH and the NSF, in 2009, developed a new requirement of instruction in RCR training manages biosafety and research with dual use potential …show more content…
To support, in the study of 45 institutions sponsored by training grants from NIH conducted by Mastroianni and Kahn (1998), they found that the content areas of training programs were diverse among these institutions. Approximately two third of the training programs have covered at least four of the NIH core areas. The authors stated that “This congruence of NIH- recommended and actual program topics indicates either that the NIH-recommended content areas have influenced program approaches, or that the NIH- recommended content areas are well chosen and represent the commonly accepted basic issues in RCR.”5 It should not be overlooked that the RCR training has impacted on researcher. Many studies have been done in this field. For instance, according to a survey conducted by Powell et al. (2007)6 in the effectiveness of RCR training course, they found that after students complete a short course in RCR, students’ knowledge in RCR have been improved. So, it is recommended that every research organization should design such a training with its special courses and methodology to enhance students’ abilities in research