Hc Case Studies

In a majority of the cases, HCC is associated with the underlying chronic liver disease, and it is diagnosed in advanced stage of disease when curative treatment options are not applicable. The curative treatments include radiofrequency ablation, liver transplantation, or tumor resection.Selection of a treatment modality is based on tumor size, location, extrahepatic spread, and underlying liver function.
Surgical resection or liver transplantation is the first line treatment option for early stage HCC; patients with intermediate stage disease benefit from chemoembolization. Sorafenib is a treatment of choice for patients with performance on macro vascular invasion or extra hepatic spread, and regorafenib is the only systemic treatment found to provide survival benefit in HCC patients progressing on sorafenib treatment. Disappointing results of numerous trials testing the efficacy of various drugs indicate that HCC has low sensitivity to chemotherapy that is in great part caused by multidrug resistance …show more content…
Despite advances in prevention techniques, screening, and new technologies in both diagnosis and treatment.
Immunotherapy for HCC is a new challenging treatment option and involves immune checkpoint inhibitors/antibody-based therapy and peptide-based vaccines. Another challenging approach is microRNA-based therapy that involves two strategies. The first aims to inhibit oncogenic miRNAs by using miRNA antagonists and the second strategy is miRNA replacement, which involves the reintroduction of a tumor-suppressor miRNA mimetic to restore a loss of